Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Nutrition > Specialized Nutrition Support > Flashcards

Specialized Nutrition Support Flashcards

1
Q

three major types of SNS

A
  1. oral nutrition supplements
  2. enteral nutrition
  3. parenteral nutrition
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

SNS is defined as

A

the provision of nutrients orally, enterally, or parenterally with therapeutic intent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ONS is usually prescribed for patients in which

A

in which oral diet is tolerated but there is an inadequate ingestion of nutrients in the form of a standard oral diet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ONS has a major role in

A

improving homebound elderly persons and nutrition after GI and hip fracture surgeries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

EN is defined as

A

nonvolitional delivery of nutrients by tube into the GI tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

EN is usually prescribed for patients in which

A

oral intake is inadequate while GI function is intact and accessible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

is feeding enterostomy long term or short term?

A

long term and typically requires a surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

examples of feeding enterstomies?

A

gastrostomy
jujunostomy
percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy(PEG)
percutaneous endoscopic jujunostomy (PEJ)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

which feeding enterostomies can be placed at bedside?

A

PEG and PEJ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

is nasal tube feeding short term or long term?

A

short term

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

examples of nasal tube feeding

A

nasogastric (NG)
nasoduodenal (ND)
nasojejunal (NJ)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

is oral tube feeding short term or long term?

A

short term

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

oral tube feeding is generally reserved for what patients?

A

patients with endotracheal intubation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

examples of oral tube feeding

A

orogastric (OG)
oroduodenal (OD)
orojejunal (OJ)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

advantages of EN

A
  1. reduced cost compared to PN
  2. better maintenance of gut integrity
  3. reduced rate of infection
  4. decreased hospital length stay compared to PN
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

nasogastric tube complications

A
  1. mucosal ulceration
  2. clogging
  3. esophageal perforation
  4. pneumothorax
  5. GI bleeding
  6. pulmonary aspiration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

gastrostomy complications

A
  1. aspiration
  2. dislodgements
  3. bleeding
  4. wound infection
  5. stomal leakage
  6. tube occlusion
  7. pneumoperitoneum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

jejunostomy complications

A
  1. pneumatosis intestinalis
  2. bleeding
  3. dislodgement
  4. bolvulus
  5. bowel obstruction
  6. stomach leakage
  7. wound infection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

contraindications of EN

A

diffuse peritonitis, intestinal obstruction, intractable vomiting, paralytic ileus, intractable diarrhea, and gastrointestinal ischemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

diffuse peritonitis

A

acute widespread attack of the peritoneum and usually caused by infection or perforation of an abdominal organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

PN is prescribed for patients in which

A

oral intake is inadequate and who cannot be fed via the GI tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

two types of PN

A

total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

TPN is administered via

A

central venous catheter (CVC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

TPN has the ability to

A

maximize caloric intake and volume restrict patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
disadvantages of TPN
CRBSI and central venous thrombosis
26
CRBSI
catheter related blood stream infections; TPN is an independent risk factor for this
27
central venous thrombosis
most commonly reported complication with BSI, occurs in 45% of patients with CVC's
28
PPN is administered via
peripheral catheter
29
energy intake and PPN
limited energy intake due to concentration restrictions (unable to volume restrict)
30
can SNS be treated as an emergency
NEVER
31
indication of SNS
1. individuals who cannot, should not, or will not eat adequately 2. benefits of improved nutrition outweigh the risks 3. patients who are malnourished or at significant risk for becoming malnourished
32
nutrition screening identifies
changes in a patient's condition that effect nutritional status, risk factors that place a patient a nutrition risk and that may lead to a nutrition related problem, and identifies individuals who are malnourished or at risk for malnutrition
33
malnutrition can be considered
deficiency of nutrient intake, impaired nutrient metabolism, or over-nutrition
34
consequences of malnutrition are generally related to
premorbid condition, extent and length of time nutrient intake is inadequate, or concurrent presence of other diseases/illnesses
35
factors indicative of malnutrition
1. involuntary loss/gain of 10% or more of usual BW within 6 months 2. involuntary loss/gain of 5% or more of usual BW within 1 month 3. BW of > 20% or more over or under IBW (especially in the presence of chronic disease or increased metabolic requirements) 4. inadequate nutrition intake (impaired ability to ingest/absorb food)
36
objective indicators to screen for malnutrition
height, weight, weight change, primary diagnosis, and presence of comorbidities
37
nutrition assessment is defined as
a comprehensive approach to defining nutrition status
38
nutrition assessment includes
medical, nutrition, and medication histories; physical examination; anthropometric measurements; lab data
39
evaluation of nutrition status consists of two components
nutrition assessment and metabolic assessment
40
nutrition assessment
utilizes static measurements of body compartments and examines the alteration caused by undernutrition
41
metabolic assessment
includes analysis of the structure and function of organ systems; altered metabolism; metabolic response to nutrition intervention
42
goals of nutrition assessment are
1. to identify patients who are malnourished or at risk for malnutrition 2. to collect the information necessary to create a nutrition care plan 3. to monitor the adequacy of nutrition therapy
43
BMI of 14-15 kg/m2
increased mortality
44
BMI < 18.5 kg/m2
underweight
45
BMI > 25 kg/m2
overweight
46
BMI < 30 kg/m2
obese
47
patient history you should ask about
weight, changes in eating habits, GI function, nature/severity of underlying disease, or unusual personal dietary habits/restrictions
48
what is the best marker of nutrition status on admission?
albumin
49
when a patient is stressed does albumin increase or decrease?
decrease - this makes it a poor marker of changes in nutrition status
50
half life of albumin
15-20 days
51
transferrin is typically elevated in
iron deficiency anemia
52
half life of transferrin
7-8 days
53
prealbumin is used to
assess nutrition status changes in response to therapy
54
half life of prealbumin
2-3 days
55
what should be included in a nutrition care plan?
nutrition goals, ROA of nutrition support, and goals of nutrition care/intervention
56
nutrition monitoring should be done how often in a hospital? in outpatient?
daily in hospitals | every week or month in outpatient
57
nutrition management is based off of
nutrition status, disease, organ function, metabolic condition, medication use, and duration of nutrition support
58
dosing weight is ideally based on
lean body mass
59
dosing weight equation
IBW + 0.25 (ABW-IBW)
60
are energy requirements patient specific?
yes
61
range of energy requirements
20 to 35 kcal/kg daily
62
protein range
0.8 gm/kg daily to gm/kg daily
63
protein provides how many kcals?
4 kcal/gm
64
final protein concentrations in PN formulation range from
2 to 7%
65
carb requirements should not exceed
7/gm/kg daily
66
dextrose provides how many kcals?
3.4 kcal/gm
67
final concentrations of dextrose in PN formulation ranges from
10% to 35%
68
Lipid requirements should not exceed
2.5 gm/kg daily
69
how many kcals do lipids provide?
10 kcal/gm
70
1) 10% of intralipids provides.. 2) 20% of intralipids provides.. 3) 30% of intralipids provides..
1) 1.1 kcal/mL 2) 2 kcal/mL 3) 3 kcal/mL
71
what to monitor to determine efficacy of SNS
repletion of lean body mass, reduction in morbidity, optimization of clinical outcomes, improve quality of life, utilize surrogate markers
72
surrogate markers of nutrition status
energy balance, body composition analysis, body weight measurements, serum protein concentrations, protein balance, and nitrogen balance
73
the ultimate goal of SNS is
to improve clinical outcomes such as, quality of life, morbidity/mortality, length of hospital stay, and cost
74
complications of SNS
1. refeeding syndrome 2. hyperglycemia 3. hypoglycemia 4. acid-base abnormalities 5. hypertriglyceridemia 6. excessive CO2 production 7. hepatic steatosis 8. vascular access sepsis 9. thrombosis 10. gastroesophageal reflux 11. pulmonary aspiration 12. GI complications
75
refeeding syndrome presents as
fluid, micronutrient, electrolyte, and vitamin imbalances
76
refeeding syndrome may involve..
hemolytic anemia respiratory distress cardiac arrhythmias
77
lab findings in refeeding syndrome
decreased phosphate, magnesium, and potassium
78
prevention of refeeding syndrome
replete serum electrolytes prior to SNS, limit initial carb intake to 150 gm/day and fluid to 800 mL/day, provide adequate amounts of electrolytes in the initial formation, increase carb-dependent minerals in proportions to increased carbs when SNS is advanced (K, Mg, PO, Zn)

Nutrition (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions