Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nutrition > Specialized Nutrition Support > Flashcards

Specialized Nutrition Support Flashcards

1
Q

three major types of SNS

A
  1. oral nutrition supplements
  2. enteral nutrition
  3. parenteral nutrition
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

SNS is defined as

A

the provision of nutrients orally, enterally, or parenterally with therapeutic intent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ONS is usually prescribed for patients in which

A

in which oral diet is tolerated but there is an inadequate ingestion of nutrients in the form of a standard oral diet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ONS has a major role in

A

improving homebound elderly persons and nutrition after GI and hip fracture surgeries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

EN is defined as

A

nonvolitional delivery of nutrients by tube into the GI tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

EN is usually prescribed for patients in which

A

oral intake is inadequate while GI function is intact and accessible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

is feeding enterostomy long term or short term?

A

long term and typically requires a surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

examples of feeding enterstomies?

A

gastrostomy
jujunostomy
percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy(PEG)
percutaneous endoscopic jujunostomy (PEJ)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

which feeding enterostomies can be placed at bedside?

A

PEG and PEJ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

is nasal tube feeding short term or long term?

A

short term

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

examples of nasal tube feeding

A

nasogastric (NG)
nasoduodenal (ND)
nasojejunal (NJ)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

is oral tube feeding short term or long term?

A

short term

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

oral tube feeding is generally reserved for what patients?

A

patients with endotracheal intubation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

examples of oral tube feeding

A

orogastric (OG)
oroduodenal (OD)
orojejunal (OJ)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

advantages of EN

A
  1. reduced cost compared to PN
  2. better maintenance of gut integrity
  3. reduced rate of infection
  4. decreased hospital length stay compared to PN
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

nasogastric tube complications

A
  1. mucosal ulceration
  2. clogging
  3. esophageal perforation
  4. pneumothorax
  5. GI bleeding
  6. pulmonary aspiration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

gastrostomy complications

A
  1. aspiration
  2. dislodgements
  3. bleeding
  4. wound infection
  5. stomal leakage
  6. tube occlusion
  7. pneumoperitoneum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

jejunostomy complications

A
  1. pneumatosis intestinalis
  2. bleeding
  3. dislodgement
  4. bolvulus
  5. bowel obstruction
  6. stomach leakage
  7. wound infection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

contraindications of EN

A

diffuse peritonitis, intestinal obstruction, intractable vomiting, paralytic ileus, intractable diarrhea, and gastrointestinal ischemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

diffuse peritonitis

A

acute widespread attack of the peritoneum and usually caused by infection or perforation of an abdominal organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

PN is prescribed for patients in which

A

oral intake is inadequate and who cannot be fed via the GI tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

two types of PN

A

total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

TPN is administered via

A

central venous catheter (CVC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

TPN has the ability to

A

maximize caloric intake and volume restrict patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

disadvantages of TPN

A

CRBSI and central venous thrombosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

CRBSI

A

catheter related blood stream infections; TPN is an independent risk factor for this

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

central venous thrombosis

A

most commonly reported complication with BSI, occurs in 45% of patients with CVC’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

PPN is administered via

A

peripheral catheter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

energy intake and PPN

A

limited energy intake due to concentration restrictions (unable to volume restrict)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

can SNS be treated as an emergency

A

NEVER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

indication of SNS

A
  1. individuals who cannot, should not, or will not eat adequately
  2. benefits of improved nutrition outweigh the risks
  3. patients who are malnourished or at significant risk for becoming malnourished
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

nutrition screening identifies

A

changes in a patient’s condition that effect nutritional status, risk factors that place a patient a nutrition risk and that may lead to a nutrition related problem, and identifies individuals who are malnourished or at risk for malnutrition

33
Q

malnutrition can be considered

A

deficiency of nutrient intake, impaired nutrient metabolism, or over-nutrition

34
Q

consequences of malnutrition are generally related to

A

premorbid condition, extent and length of time nutrient intake is inadequate, or concurrent presence of other diseases/illnesses

35
Q

factors indicative of malnutrition

A
  1. involuntary loss/gain of 10% or more of usual BW within 6 months
  2. involuntary loss/gain of 5% or more of usual BW within 1 month
  3. BW of > 20% or more over or under IBW (especially in the presence of chronic disease or increased metabolic requirements)
  4. inadequate nutrition intake (impaired ability to ingest/absorb food)
36
Q

objective indicators to screen for malnutrition

A

height, weight, weight change, primary diagnosis, and presence of comorbidities

37
Q

nutrition assessment is defined as

A

a comprehensive approach to defining nutrition status

38
Q

nutrition assessment includes

A

medical, nutrition, and medication histories; physical examination; anthropometric measurements; lab data

39
Q

evaluation of nutrition status consists of two components

A

nutrition assessment and metabolic assessment

40
Q

nutrition assessment

A

utilizes static measurements of body compartments and examines the alteration caused by undernutrition

41
Q

metabolic assessment

A

includes analysis of the structure and function of organ systems; altered metabolism; metabolic response to nutrition intervention

42
Q

goals of nutrition assessment are

A
  1. to identify patients who are malnourished or at risk for malnutrition
  2. to collect the information necessary to create a nutrition care plan
  3. to monitor the adequacy of nutrition therapy
43
Q

BMI of 14-15 kg/m2

A

increased mortality

44
Q

BMI < 18.5 kg/m2

A

underweight

45
Q

BMI > 25 kg/m2

A

overweight

46
Q

BMI < 30 kg/m2

47
Q

patient history you should ask about

A

weight, changes in eating habits, GI function, nature/severity of underlying disease, or unusual personal dietary habits/restrictions

48
Q

what is the best marker of nutrition status on admission?

49
Q

when a patient is stressed does albumin increase or decrease?

A

decrease - this makes it a poor marker of changes in nutrition status

50
Q

half life of albumin

A

15-20 days

51
Q

transferrin is typically elevated in

A

iron deficiency anemia

52
Q

half life of transferrin

53
Q

prealbumin is used to

A

assess nutrition status changes in response to therapy

54
Q

half life of prealbumin

55
Q

what should be included in a nutrition care plan?

A

nutrition goals, ROA of nutrition support, and goals of nutrition care/intervention

56
Q

nutrition monitoring should be done how often in a hospital? in outpatient?

A

daily in hospitals

every week or month in outpatient

57
Q

nutrition management is based off of

A

nutrition status, disease, organ function, metabolic condition, medication use, and duration of nutrition support

58
Q

dosing weight is ideally based on

A

lean body mass

59
Q

dosing weight equation

A

IBW + 0.25 (ABW-IBW)

60
Q

are energy requirements patient specific?

61
Q

range of energy requirements

A

20 to 35 kcal/kg daily

62
Q

protein range

A

0.8 gm/kg daily to gm/kg daily

63
Q

protein provides how many kcals?

64
Q

final protein concentrations in PN formulation range from

65
Q

carb requirements should not exceed

A

7/gm/kg daily

66
Q

dextrose provides how many kcals?

A

3.4 kcal/gm

67
Q

final concentrations of dextrose in PN formulation ranges from

A

10% to 35%

68
Q

Lipid requirements should not exceed

A

2.5 gm/kg daily

69
Q

how many kcals do lipids provide?

A

10 kcal/gm

70
Q

1) 10% of intralipids provides..
2) 20% of intralipids provides..
3) 30% of intralipids provides..

A

1) 1.1 kcal/mL
2) 2 kcal/mL
3) 3 kcal/mL

71
Q

what to monitor to determine efficacy of SNS

A

repletion of lean body mass, reduction in morbidity, optimization of clinical outcomes, improve quality of life, utilize surrogate markers

72
Q

surrogate markers of nutrition status

A

energy balance, body composition analysis, body weight measurements, serum protein concentrations, protein balance, and nitrogen balance

73
Q

the ultimate goal of SNS is

A

to improve clinical outcomes such as, quality of life, morbidity/mortality, length of hospital stay, and cost

74
Q

complications of SNS

A
  1. refeeding syndrome
  2. hyperglycemia
  3. hypoglycemia
  4. acid-base abnormalities
  5. hypertriglyceridemia
  6. excessive CO2 production
  7. hepatic steatosis
  8. vascular access sepsis
  9. thrombosis
  10. gastroesophageal reflux
  11. pulmonary aspiration
  12. GI complications
75
Q

refeeding syndrome presents as

A

fluid, micronutrient, electrolyte, and vitamin imbalances

76
Q

refeeding syndrome may involve..

A

hemolytic anemia
respiratory distress
cardiac arrhythmias

77
Q

lab findings in refeeding syndrome

A

decreased phosphate, magnesium, and potassium

78
Q

prevention of refeeding syndrome

A

replete serum electrolytes prior to SNS, limit initial carb intake to 150 gm/day and fluid to 800 mL/day, provide adequate amounts of electrolytes in the initial formation, increase carb-dependent minerals in proportions to increased carbs when SNS is advanced (K, Mg, PO, Zn)

Nutrition (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions