specialized diets

Question 1

insoluble fiber

Answer 1

helps increase stool bulk and stimulates peristalsis

ex:wheat and corn bran
whole wheat bread and cereals
brown rice
bananas
cauliflower
nuts
lentils
green peas and green beans

Question 2

soluble fiber

Answer 2

helps lower the cholesterol level and improves glucose tolerance in diabetes

ex:citrus fruits
pectin

Question 3

low fiber diet

Answer 3

may be prescribed for severe diarrhea, colitis, gastrointestinal disorders or before and after intestinal surgery

may be inadequate in iron, calcium and some vitamins and minerals

Question 4

bland diet

Answer 4

prescribed for those with esophagitis, GERD, gastritis, hiatal hernia

goal is to limit goods that stimulate production of gastric acid

discourage milk based diets

Question 5

high calorie diet

Answer 5

mayb be used for hyperthyroidism, undernutrition, and general malnutrition

Question 6

high fat diet

Answer 6

prescribed for kids with seizure disorders,

keto diet is high in fat

Question 7

high protein doet

Answer 7

protein requirements increase when metabolism increases or when tissue needs to be replaced.

Question 8

protein restricted diet

Answer 8

kidney and end stage liver disorders

amount of protein allowed depends on clients weight

other restrictions such as sodium and fluid may be necessary

Question 9

gluten restricted diet

Answer 9

for people people with celiac disease (sensitivity to gluten)

permanent elimination of gluten from diet almost completely reverses the intestinal changes

Question 10

sodium controlled diets

Answer 10

depends on the clients disease and amount of edema present

Edema is an excess accumulation of water and salt in tissue s

Question 11

sodium controlled diets

Answer 11

depends on client disease and the amount of edema

edema is an excess accumulation of water and salt in tissues

mild restriction 4,000mg a day is used for mild hypertension and stable kidney or heart disease

moderate sodium restriction of 1500 mg is used for edema, hypertension and heart disease

Question 12

calcium or phosphorus modified diets

Answer 12

high calcium intake is indicated for both the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis

excellent source of calcium include milk, yogurt and cheese

low phosphorus diet is for kidney failure

Question 13

potassium modified diet

Answer 13

high potassium dirt is given to clients who are taking diuretics

Question 14

IV therapy or parenteral therapy

Answer 14

injecting into a vein any number if sterile solutions that the body needs including drugs and electrolytes

Question 15

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN)

Answer 15

infused directly into the blood circulation and bypasses the digestive tract. placed in central vein near the heart

It contains only carbohydrates and proteins

lipids are given separately

Question 16

peripheral parenteral nutrition (ppn)

Answer 16

contains lesser concentrations of the same ingredients found in central vein TPN, administered into a peripheral vein

used to provid nutritional support and to promote protein synthesis and weight gain

PPN provides fever calories than TPN