specialized cells

Question 1

differentiation

Answer 1

• the process by witch stem cells become specialized for a particular function

Question 2

during differentiation a cell may:

Answer 2

• change shape
• change type of number of organelles within
• switch off genes so that it only produces the proteins that it needs

Question 3

Red Blood Cells

Answer 3

• biconcave and flexible shape
  > increases surface area of cell surface membrane
  > increases rate of gas diffusion
  > increases the flexibility of the cell to squeeze through narrow capillaries
• small diameter to travel through tiny capillaries
• no nucleus
• contains hemoglobin
• transports some carbon dioxide from respiring cells to lungs

Question 4

WBC- Phagocytes - Neutrophils

Answer 4

• multi-lobed nucleus makes cell flexible –> can squeeze out of small pores in capillary walls to get to infection sight
• contains lysosomes

Question 5

WBC- Lymphocytes

Answer 5

• B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes
• B cells produce antibodies that bind to complementary antigens
• T cells signal to B cells
  immunological memory
• Some T cells cand estray cancer cells or infected host cells