Specialised Plant cells Flashcards
What is the job of a root hair cell?
to absorb water and mineral ions from the soil
How is a root hair cell specialised to do its job?
Many mitochondria - fuel active transport of minerals into the cell
Long hair like extension - to increase the surface area for absorption
Large vacuole - for water to move into by osmosis
Define the job of a xylem vessel
to transport water and mineral ions from the roots to the leaves
Define the job of a phloem vessel
transport the products of photosynthesis from the leaves to the rest of the plant
How is a xylem vessel specialised?
its made from cells that have died and the cell walls have broken down between them forming hollow tubes strengthened by lignin.
How is phloem vessel specialised?
made from living cells where the cell wall has broken down between cells to form sieve plates that allow sugars to flow freely by translocation.
Companion cells are found on either side of the phloem cells that have many mitochondria to transfer energy to phloem cells.
Where does the water and mineral ions go after being in the root hair cell?
Root hair cells move into root cells and flow through several layers of root cells until it gets into the xylem vessel. the mineral ions and water then get transported up the xylem and get pulled up the xylem and evaporate out of tiny holes called stomata which are found in the leaves.
What does translocation mean?
movement of dissolved sugars and water through the phloem from leaves
What does organs mean
aggregates of tissues performing similar functions
What are specialised cells?
specialised cells have differentiated to have different or extra sub-cellular structures to their function
What is an organ system?
collections of organs working together to form an organism
what are tissues
groups of cells with a similar structure and function
what are cells?
building blocks of life
