specialised cells [in animals]

Question 1

cilia epithelial cell

Answer 1

found on the linings on organs. have hair-like structures called cilia that sweep out mucus, microorganisms and dust from the trachea.

Question 2

red blood cell

Answer 2

designed to transport oxygen around the body. contains a protein called haemoglobin that binds with oxygen. has a biconcave structure to provide space for oxygen.

Question 3

egg cell

Answer 3

a specialised cell that carries the mother’s genetic information [in the nucleus] for sexual reproduction. has a jelly coat that feeds nutrients to the embryo prior to fertilisation and has a cell membrane that prevents more than one sperm from fertilising the egg.

Question 4

sperm cell

Answer 4

the specialised cell that carries the father’s genetic information [in the nucleus]. has a long tail used to swim to the egg cell/ contains a lot of mitochondria to perform aerobic cellular respiration to provide energy for the sperm to swim to the cell. contains acrosomes in the head which is a digestive enzyme that breaks the egg’s protective layer.

Question 5

muscle cell

Answer 5

the specialised cell used for contraction and relaxation. contains a lot of mitochondria that perform aerobic cellular respiration which releases energy for contraction.

Question 6

nerve cell

Answer 6

the nerve cell is a specialised cell that sends impulses throughout the body. has long axons that carry electrical signals.