specialised cells 2

Question 1

What is the general amount of eukaryotics cells have to specialise into?

Answer 1

About 300 cells are specialised to perform a specific function.

Question 2

What is a nerve cell specialised to do?

Answer 2

Conduct electrical impulses around the body.

Question 3

What are the main features of a nerve cell?

Answer 3

Mycelin sheath, synapses, dendrites, nucleus and axons.

Question 4

What is the myelin sheaths job in nerve cell?

Answer 4

To insulate the impulse.

Question 5

What is the dendrites job in a nerve cell?

Answer 5

To connect with other cells.

Question 6

What is the axons role in a nerve cell?

Answer 6

The axon is long and conducts the electrical impulse in one direction.

Question 7

What is the synapses role in nerve cell?

Answer 7

To send neurotransmitters chemicals to another nerve cell or effector.

Question 8

What is a sperm cells main role?

Answer 8

To travel towards and fertilise an egg.

Question 9

What are the main features of a sperm cell?

Answer 9

Acrosome, nucleus, mitochondria and a tail.

Question 10

What is the acrosomes role in a sperm cell?

Answer 10

It contains enzymes which break through the eggs outer layer allowing it to have access to it.

Question 11

What is the tails main role in a sperm cell?

Answer 11

To help it swim towards the egg.

Question 12

What is the nucleus role in the sperm cell?

Answer 12

To provide the other 1/2 number f chromosomes to the egg

Question 13

Why is the mitochondria important to a sperm cell?

Answer 13

It has many energy to transfer to the tail.

Question 14

What are the main features of an egg cell?

Answer 14

The haploid nucleus, nutrient filled cytoplasm, a jelly coat and cell membrane.

Question 15

Why do egg cells have a nutrient store?

Answer 15

To provide them with enough energy until they reach the placenta and the umbilical cord forms.

Question 16

Why is the egg cells jelly coat important?

Answer 16

The jelly coat covers the egg and contains the enzymes a sperm cell needs to digest to gain access to the egg.

Question 17

What will happen to an eggs membrane when a sperm cell gains entry?

Answer 17

The membrane will fuse with a sperm before hardening along with the jelly coat to prevent more than one sperm gaining entry.

Question 18

What is a ciliated epithelial cells job?

Answer 18

To move things so they are found in the airways (to move mucus) and in female Fallopian tubes (to move the egg along the oviduct to meet the sperm.

Question 19

What is microvillis role?

Answer 19

As it found in the small intestine it allows maximum food absorption to happen through the cells as it contains folds in the cell membrane which massively increase the surface area. it moves the food from the small intestine to the blood stream

Question 20

What are the main features in a root hair cell?

Answer 20

Large vacuole- for water to move into through osmosis
Water
Long hair-like extensions to increase the surface area for absorption
Mitochondria-to fuel the active transport of minerals into the cell
+no chloroplasts as its below ground