specialised cells 2 Flashcards
What is the general amount of eukaryotics cells have to specialise into?
About 300 cells are specialised to perform a specific function.
What is a nerve cell specialised to do?
Conduct electrical impulses around the body.
What are the main features of a nerve cell?
Mycelin sheath, synapses, dendrites, nucleus and axons.
What is the myelin sheaths job in nerve cell?
To insulate the impulse.
What is the dendrites job in a nerve cell?
To connect with other cells.
What is the axons role in a nerve cell?
The axon is long and conducts the electrical impulse in one direction.
What is the synapses role in nerve cell?
To send neurotransmitters chemicals to another nerve cell or effector.
What is a sperm cells main role?
To travel towards and fertilise an egg.
What are the main features of a sperm cell?
Acrosome, nucleus, mitochondria and a tail.
What is the acrosomes role in a sperm cell?
It contains enzymes which break through the eggs outer layer allowing it to have access to it.
What is the tails main role in a sperm cell?
To help it swim towards the egg.
What is the nucleus role in the sperm cell?
To provide the other 1/2 number f chromosomes to the egg
Why is the mitochondria important to a sperm cell?
It has many energy to transfer to the tail.
What are the main features of an egg cell?
The haploid nucleus, nutrient filled cytoplasm, a jelly coat and cell membrane.
Why do egg cells have a nutrient store?
To provide them with enough energy until they reach the placenta and the umbilical cord forms.
Why is the egg cells jelly coat important?
The jelly coat covers the egg and contains the enzymes a sperm cell needs to digest to gain access to the egg.
What will happen to an eggs membrane when a sperm cell gains entry?
The membrane will fuse with a sperm before hardening along with the jelly coat to prevent more than one sperm gaining entry.
What is a ciliated epithelial cells job?
To move things so they are found in the airways (to move mucus) and in female Fallopian tubes (to move the egg along the oviduct to meet the sperm.
What is microvillis role?
As it found in the small intestine it allows maximum food absorption to happen through the cells as it contains folds in the cell membrane which massively increase the surface area. it moves the food from the small intestine to the blood stream
What are the main features in a root hair cell?
Large vacuole- for water to move into through osmosis
Water
Long hair-like extensions to increase the surface area for absorption
Mitochondria-to fuel the active transport of minerals into the cell
+no chloroplasts as its below ground
