Special Tests

Question 1

Upper limb examination

Answer 1

Pronator drift

Question 2

Lower limb examination

Answer 2

Romberg’s test
Cerebellar lesion - unable with open eyes
Loss proprioception - sways with closed eyes

Question 3

CNVIII

Answer 3

Rinne’s test - Bone conduction > air conduction

Weber’s test - conductive V sensorineural hearing loss

Question 4

Abdo examination

Answer 4

Murphy’ sign - cholecystitis

Question 5

Hip examination

Answer 5

Thomas’s test - fixed flexion deformity of contralateral hip
Gait
Trendelenburg’s test - abductor muscle strength

Question 6

Knee examination

Answer 6

Patellar tap
Posterior sag test - posterior cruciate ligament damage
Anterior sag test - ACL damage
Lateral & medial collateral ligament
McMurray's test - torn meniscus

Question 7

Spine examination

Answer 7

Straight leg raise - suspected prolapsed disc
Bowstring test - nerve root irritation, flex knee after straight leg raise
Femoral stretch test - L2-4
Chest expansion - suspected ankylosing spondylitis

Question 8

Shoulder examination

Answer 8

Scarf test - acromio-clavicular joint pathology

Question 9

Hand examination

Answer 9

Allens test
Carpel tunnel syndrome - Tinel’s test - tap on median nerve @ tunnel & Phalen’s test - palmar flexion for 1min
Median nerve - palmar abduction resisted or hook fingers
Ulnar nerve - cross index and middle finger or paper grip
Radial nerve - wrist dorsiflexion resisted

Question 10

Peripheral vascular examination

Answer 10

Buerger’s test

Allen’s test

Question 11

Chronic venous insufficiency

Answer 11

Cough test
Tap test - SFJ competency
Trendelenburg’s test
Perthe’s test - deep vein patency