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Special Subject Flashcards

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1
Q

Who is Sir Herbert Blain?

A

Principal agent of Conservative party appointed in 1923 to modernise party organisation

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2
Q

When was the Zinoviev Letter?

A

October 24th 1924

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3
Q

What are the dates of the General strike?

A

4th - 13th May 1926

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4
Q

What is the significance of John Wheatley?

A

Labour MP - Housing Act 1924

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5
Q

When was the Carlton Club meeting?

A

19th October 1922

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6
Q

When/ what was Black Friday?

A

15th April 1921, Coal strike following re-privatisation of industry after war leading to pay cuts and hour increases, railway and transport workers fail to come out in solidarity

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7
Q

Who is Sir Robert Sanders, Lord Bayford?

A
  • Old school country gentleman style of conservative politician
  • MP for Bridgwater - loses seat in 1923
  • minister for Agriculture in 1922 but pretty rubbish
  • helps orchestrate Carlton Club
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8
Q

Who is William Bridgeman?

A

Country gentleman and MP for Northern division of Shropshire 1906-1929
Part of inner circle of cabinet during coal dispute and general strike

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9
Q

Who are the Chamberlain diary letters written to?

A

Their sisters Hilda and Ida

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10
Q

How does Chamberlain believe female voters and indeed w-c voters can be won over?

A

Material appeals of social reform

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11
Q

Who is Leo Amery?

A

Conservative MP for Birmingham South

  • First elected under label of Liberal Unionist
  • associated with military preparedness, India and fear of communism
  • First Lord of Admiralty 1922 -24, Colonial Secretary 1924 - 29
  • opposes League of Nations as he doesn’t believe all nations are equal
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12
Q

Background of DH Lawrence

A
  • From Eastwood near Nottingham, father is a coal miner
  • isolated in youth - not coal miner material
  • travels to Germany in 1912, marries German woman
  • Expelled from Cornwall as suspect in 1917, leaves England to travel in Italy from 1919
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13
Q

What is J.B Priestley’s background?

A
  • Son of Yorkshire schoolmaster - becomes clerk at 16 - goes to Cambridge
  • writes column in weekly Labour paper ‘Bradford Pioneer’
  • 1930s his period of success
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14
Q

What is the background of Walter Greenwood?

A

Born in Salfrod, works in pawn brokers, as stable boy, clerk, warehouseman and salesman
Works for Labour part, producing local newspaper
Moves from Salford to London in 1937

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15
Q

What is the background of George Orwell?

A
  • scholarship to Eton
  • Burma police force in 1921
  • Writes for Adelphi from 1930
  • ‘Down and Out in Paris and London’ 1933
  • ‘Keep the Aspidistra Flying’ 1936
  • ‘The Road to Wigan Pier’ 1937
  • Goes to fight in Spain in 1937
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16
Q

What is the provenance of Means Test Man?

A

Published 1935
Walter Brierley - from mining family in Derbyshire - scholarship to Nottingham uni but fails exams so back to pit - first published work was anonymous contribution to Beales and Lambert’s ‘Memoirs of the unemployed
Some contemporary responses criticise Brierley’s picture of hopelessness and passivity in face of the Means Test

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17
Q

What is the provenance of Beales and Lambert’s ‘Memoirs of the Unemployed’

A

1934
25 anonymous testimonies about unemployed life
Lambert - works for BBC - editor of The Listener - believes in educational capacity of the BBC
Beales - economist/ social historian at LSE

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18
Q

Who is Jack Commmon?

A

Born in Leeds - works as Clerk, mechanic, labourer, caretaker, scriptwriter
Moves to London in 1928 to become freelance writer
Impresses editor Adelphi - assistant editor after a year
‘The authentic voice of the ordinary man, the man who might infuse a new decency into the control of affairs, if only he could get there’ - Orwell

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19
Q

Key features of ‘Pease Pudding Men’

A

Emphasis on skilled/ manual divide in labour
Discussion of social status of labour rather than psychological effects
The sociability and natural community spirit of the w-c

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20
Q

What is the provenance of ‘Time to Spare’?

A
  • Felix Greene - Oxford educated radical journalist - works at BBC
  • Originally a set of BBC broadcasts - desire to make wider nation interact with unemployed
  • By 1934 the Nat Gov claims the economy was in recovery but this is confined to the south
  • Role of BBC ensuring accounts aren’t entirely negative?
  • How do w-c spend spare time, does unemployment insurance provide enough to live on?
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21
Q

What is stage theory and where does it come from?

A

Based on Lazarfeld and Zawardski’s study of unemployment in Belgium town
Identify a series of stages the unemployed man goes through - engagement to inertia

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22
Q

Who is Cuthbert Headlam? How does he fare in elections?

A

Conservative MP for Barnard Castle in County Durham - Marginal seat
Wins 1924, Loses 1929 (after Liberal intervention), Wins 1931, Loses 1935

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23
Q

Phillip Snowden - What is the is the Labour Party? - discuss provenance

A

Snowden - comes from Liberal tradition - MP for Blackburn in 1906 - elected to Colne Valley (Yorkshire Pennines) in 1922 - opposes industrial and class conflict - attacked by many on left

This piece is about labour claiming the mantle of the British Radical Liberal tradition from the Liberals

Circulated among part members - so perhaps an instruction manual in some ways

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24
Q

What is the Provenance of ‘The Woman’s Vote’

A

Barbara Aryton Gould - history in WSPU, spends brief period in prison - joins United Suffragists in 1914 - extensive involvement with Labour Party begins after wall - works at Herald until 1921 - goes on to be chief women’s officer
Gould is appealing to the party to orientate themselves to capture the women’s vote

25
Q

Who is Margaret Bondfield?

A

Leading female trade unionist of the 1920s - first woman elected to the TUC executive - one of the first three female labour MPs in 1923 and first woman minister in Jan 1924 - speaks out in support of coalition government

26
Q

‘Education is the…’

A

‘Education is the necessity first, last and all of the time’ - Barbara Aryton Gould - ‘The Women’s Vote’, The Labour Magazine

27
Q

‘Perhaps it will breed….’

A

‘Perhaps it will breed in some of them a feeling of comradeship with those who do such work week in, week out, at ordinary times, and get little enough for it.’ - Hamilton Fyffe - Behind the Scenes of the General Strike - 1926

28
Q

‘I have sought to conduct the inquiry…’

A

‘I have sought to conduct the inquiry on strictly scientific lines, without allowing personal feelings to affect my judgement, and I am convinced that my main conclusions cannot be seriously challenged’
- B.S Rowntree - ‘The Human Needs of Labour’ - 1918

29
Q

‘You can become a tramp…’

A

‘You can become a tramp simply by putting on the right clothes and going to the nearest casual ward, but you can’t become a navy or a coal miner.’
- George Orwell - ‘The Road to Wigan Pier’ - 1937

30
Q

‘After marriage…’

A 
'After marriage the associations of childhood are broken up by the tendency of each class of worker to live in a neighbourhood inhabited largely by members of his own class' 
- E.W. Bakke - 'The Unemployed Man: a social study' - 1933
31
Q

‘I have a wife and child to keep…’

A

‘I have a wife and child to keep, but I cannot keep them. I am skilled at my trade, but I cannot use my skill, although I am sure it is no way impaired.’
- A skilled wire drawer in ‘Memoirs of the Unemployed’ - L. Beales & R.S. Lambert - 1934

32
Q

‘I do the housework…’

A

‘I do the housework after my wife has left home at half-past seven in the morning, I read, I play with the child, I go out for walks in the evening after my wife has returned at half past six. Is this a man’s life?’
- A skilled wire drawer in ‘Memoirs of the Unemployed’ - L. Beales & R.S. Lambert - 1934

33
Q

‘I also suspected she was…’

A

‘I also suspected that she was a Tory at heart, although only Labour posters were displayed in the shop windows.’
- Louis Heren - Growing Up Poor in London - 1973

34
Q

‘The tendency for that element…’

A

‘The tendency for that element in society by and for whom suburbs are produced to occur at increasingly various income levels.’
- J.M. Richards - The Castles on the Ground - 1946

35
Q

‘People of both sexes and of all ages…’

A

‘People of both sexes and of all ages learning to use their sets with discrimination, as a means of acquiring new interests and aiding individual development.’
- Hilda Jennings & Winifred Gill, ‘Broadcasting in Every Day Life: a survey of the social effects of the coming of broadcasting’ - 1939

36
Q

‘Changes in constituencies have tended to…’

A

‘Changes in constituencies have tended to disintegrate political interest, and to leave great masses of electors with no guidance, except the gossip, the stunt, or the whim of the moment.’
- J. Ramsay MacDonald - ‘Parliament and Democracy’ - 1920

37
Q

‘I know that the ordinary collier…’

A

‘I know that the ordinary collier, when I was a boy, had a peculiar sense of beauty, coming from his intuitive and instinctive consciousness, which was awakened down the pit.’
- D.H Lawrence - ‘Nottingham and the Mining Country’ - 1929

38
Q

‘If all the women in England could…’

A

‘If all the women in England could feel for a minute what you’ve gone through this morning, there’d be no more of it, no more homes upset.’
- Walter Brierley - ‘Means Test Man’ - 1935

39
Q

‘After 1918 there began to appear…’

A

‘After 1918 there began to appear something that had never existed in England before: people of indeterminate social class.’
- George Orwell - ‘The Lion and the Unicorn’ - 1941

40
Q

‘Man has made the conditions…’

A

‘Man has made the conditions which create poverty, and man can just as easily create the conditions which will make us all to live in harmony with one another’
- The Herald, ‘Breaking Down Class Barriers’, 1918

41
Q

‘If we can come in and can give them work…’

A

‘If we come in and can give them work and can bring down the price of food, they will be quite content to give up Socialism’
- Cuthbert Headlam, Diary, 22 Oct 1922

42
Q

‘The brass, the white doorstep, the lace curtains…’

A

‘The brass, the white doorstep, the lace curtains, are necessary marks of distinction which separate the good from the bad housekeepers…in the court of neighbourhood gossip.’
- E.W Bakke - The unemployed man: a social study - 1933

43
Q

‘Why are the many dumb…’

A

‘Why are the many dumb? The first answer is that at the moment they want to be.’
- Jack Common, ‘The private inferiority of the worker’ -1938

44
Q

‘The “Dictatorship of the Proletariat” as used in Russia…’

A

‘The “Dictatorship of the Proletariat” as used in Russia, though not as used by Marx, is far more akin to the spirit of old - fashioned English Toryism’
Ramsay MacDonald - Parliament and Democracy - 1920

45
Q

‘Our problem is to strengthen…’

A

‘Our problem is to strengthen intelligence in that crowd and weaken the conditions and diminish the opportunities which make instinctive feelings arbitrary motives’
- Ramsay MacDonald - Parliament and Democracy - 1920

46
Q

‘Sufficient indication of what would be…’

A

‘It has afforded sufficient indication of what would be the character of a Socialist Government dependent, not upon other Parties, but upon the extremist section of its own majority’
- Conservative Manifesto - 1924

47
Q

‘Very early in life you acquire the idea…’

A 
'Very early in life you acquired the idea that there was so wing subtly repulsive about a working class body'
- George Orwell - The Road to Wigan Pier - 1937
48
Q

‘Our own family was in the slum…’

A

‘Our own family was in the slum but not, they felt, of it: we had ‘connections’. Father, besides, was a skilled mechanic.’
- Robert Roberts - The Classic Slum - 1971

49
Q

‘My father’s affable view…’

A

‘My father’s affable view of the move was improved by the realisation that he had taken the recognisable upward step of becoming a property-owner’
- Paul Vaughan - ‘Something in Linoleum: a thirties education’ - 1994

50
Q

‘With an enthusiasm not quite…’

A

‘With an enthusiasm not quite equal to mother’s, but still real enough, my father joined in the pleasures of establishing the new household, though frowning somewhat over how much it was all costing.’
- Paul Vaughan - ‘Something in Linoleum: a thirties education’ - 1994

51
Q

‘They were decent, kindly men…’

A

‘They were decent, kindly men, whose last thought was any real desire to upset the present system unless some anaesthetic could be applied all round during the process.’
- Ellen Wilkinson - ‘Clash’ - 1929

52
Q

‘His explanation gave me an insight into…’

A

‘His explanation gave me an insight into the central importance to the worker of his home, and the relative isolation of his family life.’
E.W. Bakke - The Unemployed Man - 1933

53
Q

‘I feel the whole thing is…’

A

‘I feel the whole thing is unfair and rotten. It’s rotten having to tell you this to make you realise. I hate to telling poverty, but you ought to know. I’m not a special case.’
Mrs Keen - ‘Time to Spare’ (1935)

54
Q

‘One objection was…’

A

‘One objection was the difficulty of bringing up children decently when those of neighbours are completely uncontrolled and have quite different and often unmentionable standards of behaviour and language’
- Jevons and Madge - ‘Housing Estates’ - 1946

55
Q

‘Not homes, not communities…’

A

‘Not homes, not communities, just clusters of meaningless lives drifting in a sort of drowsy chaos to the grave!’
- George Orwell - Keep the Aspidistra Flying - 1936

56
Q

List the dates of each general election of the 1920s

A

15th November 1922
6th December 1923
29th October 1924
30th May 1929

57
Q

When was the Carlton Club Meeting?

A

19th October 1922

58
Q

2 key housing acts of 1930s?

A

1930 Greenwood Act

1935 Housing Act - Local authorities to survey for slum clearance

59
Q

When is the jevons and madge survey conducted?

A

1935-1938

History Part II (8 decks)

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