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ANAPHY > SPECIAL SENSES : Visual > Flashcards

SPECIAL SENSES : Visual Flashcards

1
Q

Made up of the eyeball specialized for its ability to react to light.

A

Visual Apparatus

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2
Q

Protects the delicate inner structures of the eye and with the intraocular pressure maintain the shape and turgor of the eyeball.

A

Fibrous Coat

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3
Q

Transparent anterior 1/6 if the fibrous coat.

A

Cornea

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4
Q

Opaque posterior 5/6 of the fibrous coat

A

Sclera

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5
Q

Transparent fibrous coat covering the colored part of the eyes, iris.

A

Cornea

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6
Q

Slightly thicker than sclera with refractive power 2x as high as the lens.

A

Cornea

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7
Q

Avascular and the central part depends on diffusion from aqueous humor for its nourishment.

A

True

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8
Q

One of the few organs that can be successfully transplanted without rejection from the host.

A

Cornea

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9
Q

Opaque posterior 5/6 of the fibrous coat

A

Sclera

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10
Q

Sclera is mainly made up of ? where tendons of extraocular muscles are attached

A

Densely packed collagenous fibers (type I collagen fibrils)

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11
Q

Pierced by optic nerve, ciliary nerves and blood vessels

A

Sclera

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12
Q

Concerned with nutrition of retina and production of aqueous humor

A

Vascular and Muscular Coat / UVEA

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13
Q

Provides mechanisms for accommodation of the eyes for near vision and control of amount of light entering the eye.

A

Vascular and Muscular Coat / UVEA

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14
Q

Parts of Vascular and Muscular Coat / UVEA

A
  1. Choroid
  2. Ciliary body
  3. Iris
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15
Q

Middle coat of the eye.

A

Choroid

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16
Q

Blood rich nutritive tunic that contains a dark pigment that prevents light from scattering inside the eye.

A

Choroid

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17
Q

A thickening of the vascular tunic.

A

Ciliary Body

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18
Q

Connects choroid with circumference of iris.

A

Ciliary Body

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19
Q

When ciliary muscle contracts, the lens become more convex.

A

True

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20
Q

Ciliary Body is

  • with ciliary muscle for accomodation
  • with ciliary process producimg aqueous humor
A

True

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21
Q

Heavily pigmented colored part of eye.

22
Q

Acts like a diaphragm with a central opening called pupil. Smooth muscle in iris control the amount of lights going to the retina.

23
Q

Rest on anterior surface of the lens, thus it separates the anterior chamber from the posterior chamber.

24
Q

Main mass consists of loose, pigmented, highly vascular connective tissue.

25
Q

iris - 2 smooth muscles

A
  1. sphincter pupillae
  2. dilator pupillae
26
Q
  • circumferentially oriented fibers
  • constriction of pupils
  • parasympathetic
A

sphincter pupillae

27
Q
  • radially oriented fibers
  • dilation of pupils
  • sympathetic
A

dilator pupillae

28
Q

Nervous coat

29
Q

Innermost layer where receptors for sense of sight are found.

30
Q

Nervous coat of the eyeball containing the photoreceptor cell.

31
Q
  • stimulated by low intensity light
  • for night vision (scotopic vision)
  • contains reddish pigment,
    RHODOPSIN. Very sensitive and produces detectable signal on absorption of a single photon of light
32
Q
  • stimulated by high intensity light for day vision/color vision (photopic) sensitive to blue, green and red lights.

And the differences in absorption of these 3 kinds provide basis for color vision.

33
Q
  • The transparent structures traversed by the light rays on the way to the photoreceptors of the retina.
  • These structures can BEND or REFRACT the light rays so the images can be focused on the retina.
A

Refractive Media of the Eye

34
Q

Parts of Refractive Media of the Eye

A

• cornea
• aqueous humor
• lens
• vitreous humor

35
Q

coats of the eyeball

A
  1. Fibrous coat
  2. Vascular and Muscular Coat / UVEA
  3. Nervous coat
36
Q

3 parts of the ear

A
  1. External ear
    • pinna
    • external acoustic meatus
  2. Middle ear (tympanic cavity)
    • ossicles (MALLEUS, INCUS STAPES)
    • tensor tympani, stapedius
  3. Internal ear (Labyrinth)
37
Q

Shell shaped structure surrounding the auditory canal opening.

A

Pinna / Auricle

38
Q
  • A short narrow chamber (about 1 inch long by ½ inch wide)
  • Curved into temporal bone of the skull
  • Skin of walls lined with ceruminous glands which secrete a waxy yellow substance called earwax or cerum
A

External Auditory Canal

39
Q

A thin membrane separating outer from middle ear

A

Tympanic membrane / Eardrum

40
Q

A small, air-filled cavity within the temporal bone.

A

Middle Ear

41
Q

A bony wall in middle ear with 2 openings. (oval & round window)

A

Medial Boundary

42
Q

Tympanic membrane in the middle ear with handle of the malleus attached.

A

Lateral Boundary

43
Q

Estachian tube that connects middle ear and nasopharynx.

A

Anterior Boundary

44
Q

Mastoid process (in middle ear)

A

Posterior Boundary

45
Q

Ossicles in the Middle Ear:

A

• Malleus (hammer) - attched to tympanic membrane
• Incus (anvil)
• Stapes (stirrups) - presses on the oval window of the inner ear

46
Q

2 parts of Inner Ear

A
  1. Bony Labyrinth
  2. Membranous Labyrinth
47
Q
  • wall is bony
  • temporal bone
  • fluid inside is perilymph
A

Bony Labyrinth

48
Q

Bony Labyrinth is made up of

A

a. Cochlea
b. Vestibule
c. 3 semicircular canals

49
Q
  • made up of scala vestibulia and tympani
  • concerned with hearing
50
Q

Concerned with static equilibrium.

51
Q

Concerned with dynamic equilibrium.

A

3 semicircular canals

ANAPHY (5 decks)

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