SPECIAL SENSES : Visual

Question 1

Made up of the eyeball specialized for its ability to react to light.

Answer 1

Visual Apparatus

Question 2

Protects the delicate inner structures of the eye and with the intraocular pressure maintain the shape and turgor of the eyeball.

Answer 2

Fibrous Coat

Question 3

Transparent anterior 1/6 if the fibrous coat.

Answer 3

Cornea

Question 4

Opaque posterior 5/6 of the fibrous coat

Answer 4

Sclera

Question 5

Transparent fibrous coat covering the colored part of the eyes, iris.

Answer 5

Cornea

Question 6

Slightly thicker than sclera with refractive power 2x as high as the lens.

Answer 6

Cornea

Question 7

Avascular and the central part depends on diffusion from aqueous humor for its nourishment.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

One of the few organs that can be successfully transplanted without rejection from the host.

Answer 8

Cornea

Question 9

Opaque posterior 5/6 of the fibrous coat

Answer 9

Sclera

Question 10

Sclera is mainly made up of ? where tendons of extraocular muscles are attached

Answer 10

Densely packed collagenous fibers (type I collagen fibrils)

Question 11

Pierced by optic nerve, ciliary nerves and blood vessels

Answer 11

Sclera

Question 12

Concerned with nutrition of retina and production of aqueous humor

Answer 12

Vascular and Muscular Coat / UVEA

Question 13

Provides mechanisms for accommodation of the eyes for near vision and control of amount of light entering the eye.

Answer 13

Vascular and Muscular Coat / UVEA

Question 14

Parts of Vascular and Muscular Coat / UVEA

Answer 14

1. Choroid
2. Ciliary body
3. Iris

Question 15

Middle coat of the eye.

Answer 15

Choroid

Question 16

Blood rich nutritive tunic that contains a dark pigment that prevents light from scattering inside the eye.

Answer 16

Choroid

Question 17

A thickening of the vascular tunic.

Answer 17

Ciliary Body

Question 18

Connects choroid with circumference of iris.

Answer 18

Ciliary Body

Question 19

When ciliary muscle contracts, the lens become more convex.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Ciliary Body is

• with ciliary muscle for accomodation
• with ciliary process producimg aqueous humor

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Heavily pigmented colored part of eye.

Answer 21

Iris

Question 22

Acts like a diaphragm with a central opening called pupil. Smooth muscle in iris control the amount of lights going to the retina.

Answer 22

Iris

Question 23

Rest on anterior surface of the lens, thus it separates the anterior chamber from the posterior chamber.

Answer 23

Iris

Question 24

Main mass consists of loose, pigmented, highly vascular connective tissue.

Answer 24

Iris

Question 25

iris - 2 smooth muscles

Answer 25

1. sphincter pupillae 2. dilator pupillae

Question 26

- circumferentially oriented fibers - constriction of pupils - parasympathetic

Answer 26

sphincter pupillae

Question 27

- radially oriented fibers - dilation of pupils - sympathetic

Answer 27

dilator pupillae

Question 28

Nervous coat

Answer 28

Retina

Question 29

Innermost layer where receptors for sense of sight are found.

Answer 29

Retina

Question 30

Nervous coat of the eyeball containing the photoreceptor cell.

Answer 30

Retina

Question 31

- stimulated by low intensity light - for night vision (scotopic vision) - contains reddish pigment, RHODOPSIN. Very sensitive and produces detectable signal on absorption of a single photon of light

Answer 31

Rods

Question 32

- stimulated by high intensity light for day vision/color vision (photopic) sensitive to blue, green and red lights. And the differences in absorption of these 3 kinds provide basis for color vision.

Answer 32

Cones

Question 33

- The transparent structures traversed by the light rays on the way to the photoreceptors of the retina. - These structures can BEND or REFRACT the light rays so the images can be focused on the retina.

Answer 33

Refractive Media of the Eye

Question 34

Parts of Refractive Media of the Eye

Answer 34

• cornea • aqueous humor • lens • vitreous humor

Question 35

coats of the eyeball

Answer 35

1. Fibrous coat 2. Vascular and Muscular Coat / UVEA 3. Nervous coat

Question 36

3 parts of the ear

Answer 36

1. External ear - pinna - external acoustic meatus 2. Middle ear (tympanic cavity) - ossicles (MALLEUS, INCUS STAPES) - tensor tympani, stapedius 3. Internal ear (Labyrinth)

Question 37

Shell shaped structure surrounding the auditory canal opening.

Answer 37

Pinna / Auricle

Question 38

- A short narrow chamber (about 1 inch long by ½ inch wide) - Curved into temporal bone of the skull - Skin of walls lined with ceruminous glands which secrete a waxy yellow substance called earwax or cerum

Answer 38

External Auditory Canal

Question 39

A thin membrane separating outer from middle ear

Answer 39

Tympanic membrane / Eardrum

Question 40

A small, air-filled cavity within the temporal bone.

Answer 40

Middle Ear

Question 41

A bony wall in middle ear with 2 openings. (oval & round window)

Answer 41

Medial Boundary

Question 42

Tympanic membrane in the middle ear with handle of the malleus attached.

Answer 42

Lateral Boundary

Question 43

Estachian tube that connects middle ear and nasopharynx.

Answer 43

Anterior Boundary

Question 44

Mastoid process (in middle ear)

Answer 44

Posterior Boundary

Question 45

Ossicles in the Middle Ear:

Answer 45

• Malleus (hammer) - attched to tympanic membrane • Incus (anvil) • Stapes (stirrups) - presses on the oval window of the inner ear

Question 46

2 parts of Inner Ear

Answer 46

1. Bony Labyrinth 2. Membranous Labyrinth

Question 47

- wall is bony - temporal bone - fluid inside is perilymph

Answer 47

Bony Labyrinth

Question 48

Bony Labyrinth is made up of

Answer 48

a. Cochlea b. Vestibule c. 3 semicircular canals

Question 49

- made up of scala vestibulia and tympani - concerned with hearing

Answer 49

Cochlea

Question 50

Concerned with static equilibrium.

Answer 50

Vestibule

Question 51

Concerned with dynamic equilibrium.

Answer 51

3 semicircular canals