Special Senses Flashcards
What effect do the senses have on pregnancy?
Many of the senses are enhanced due to increased levels of hormones. This May aggravate some of the minor disorders commonly associated with pregnancy such as morning sickness or altered taste.
What are the special senses responsible for?
Altering the body to its position relative to other objects through vision and through monitoring posture and balance through fluid levels in the ear.
Which organs are responsible for the special senses?
Two eyes to detect light
Two ears to detect sound and control balance
Taste buds to detect presence of chemicals in the oral cavity
Olfactory cells in the nasal cavity to detect odour caused by chemicals
Touch receptors in the skin which give further information about the external environment
What is the function of accessory structures of the eye?
Protect the eye from damage
What are the three structures in the eye?
An outer fibrous layer forming the sclera and cornea
A middle vascular layer containing the central iris surrounded by the ciliary body and choroid behind which the lens is suspended
An inner layer of nervous tissue
What does exposure of high levels of oxygen do to preterm infants?
Arterioles in the retina constrict when exposed to these levels of oxygen. If this is prolonged the effects are irreversible. It is call retinopathy of prematurity - the retina detaches and fibrous tissue forms.
Describe the blood supply to the eyes?
Branches of the internal carotid artery, the ciliary arteries and a central retinal artery supply. Venous drainage down several routes.
What is ophthalmia neonatorum?
Condition where the eyes become red and inflamed and infected. Often caused by chemicals, bacteria or viruses such as heroes and chlamydia. Emphasis on screening women in early pregnancy to prevent such problems arising.
What is corneal oedema?
Not uncommon particularly in the third trimester, women who wear contact lenses may find it uncomfortable to wear their lenses due to a change in the shape of the eyeball. Can result in minor vision problems that resolve after delivery.
Outline the senses of a neonate at term.
All senses are functional in a healthy term baby. Stimuli helps to mature the brain.they are able to focus at 15-20cm, and are able to establish eye contact at birth. Tactile stimulation such as cuddling and massage encourages bonding - important for. Abbie’s who have been separated from their mother at birth.
