Special Populations/OTC

Question 1

Teratogen

Answer 1

drugs that can disrupt development of the fetus or halt pregnancy

Question 2

Period (trimester) of greatest danger for drug-induced developmental defects

Answer 2

First Trimester

Question 3

Pediatric ranges

Answer 3

Fetus: premature 0-37 weeks, full term 37-40 weeks
Neonates: 0-4 weeks birthed
Infants: 5 to 1 year
Child: 1-12
Adolescent: 12-18

Question 4

Pediatric ADME

Answer 4

A: less acidic, slow peristalsis, immature liver, IM faster, skin is thinner

D: higher TBW and lower fat content, protein binding effect decreased

M: less CYP enzymes, less M

E: immature kidney, reduced E

Question 5

Geriatric ADME

Answer 5

polypharmacy

ADME - each one is decreased

reduced ME may lead to drug accumulation

Question 6

OTC Criteria (3)

Answer 6

Indication for use - easy diagnosis
Safety profile - large therapeutic index
Practicality for OTC use - PO and monitoring

Question 7

Compendium of Monographs

Answer 7

Classifies Natural Health Products according to level of risk
Higher risk – amino acids/ fatty acids
Low risk - homeopathic medicines

Question 8

Name two NHPs and consequences

Answer 8

Ginger root (interference with cardiac, antidiabetic, anticoagulant drugs)

St. John’s Wort (serotonin reuptake inhibitors, may be helpful in very mild depression)