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PTRS 746 Exam 1 > "Special" Fractures > Flashcards

"Special" Fractures Flashcards

1
Q

Q: Many common fractures are name for what 2 things?

A
  1. MOI 2. 1st Dr. to describe the pattern
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2
Q

Description: Disruption of extensor mechanism, often associated with avulsion fracture

A

Mallet, drop, or baseball finger

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3
Q

MOI: Forced flexion of extended DIP

A

Mallet, drop, or baseball finger

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4
Q

Rx: Splint in extension 6 wks, then initiate AROM

A

Mallet, drop, or baseball finger

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5
Q

MOI: Fall onto outstretched hand or FOOSH

A

Scaphoid fracture or Colles’ fracture or dinner force deformity

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6
Q

Rx: Closed reduction and casting; ORIF and bone grafting if avascular

A

Scaphoid fracture

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7
Q

Q: AVN and non-union are frequent complications of which fracture?

A

Scaphoid fracture

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8
Q

MOI: Axial loading into hyperextension and UD caused by high energy impact.

A

Perilunate fracture/dislocation

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9
Q

Rx. Immediate ORIF

A

Perilunate fracture/dislocation

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10
Q

Q: Perilunate fracture/dislocation typically occurs in what population?

A

Young adults

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11
Q

Q: Which fracture is devastating but often missed or misdiagnosed?

A

Perilunate fracture/dislocation

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12
Q

Description: Fracture of the 4th or 5th metacarpal

A

Boxer’s fracture

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13
Q

MOI: Usually a blow with a clenched fist

A

Boxer’s fracture

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14
Q

Rx: Closed reduction and casting; ORIF if significant displacement

A

Boxer’s fracture

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15
Q

Description: Fracture/dislocaiton of base of 1st metacarpal, can be highly functionally limiting

A

Bennett’s Fracture

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16
Q

MOI: Axial loading of a partially flexed thumb

A

Bennett’s Fracture

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17
Q

Rx: Closed reduction with thumb spica or ORIF

A

Bennett’s Fracture

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18
Q

Description: Transverse fracture of distal radius with dorsal/lateral displacement

A

Colles’ fracture or dinner force deformity

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19
Q

Q: What fracture is common in post-menopausal women?

A

Colles’ fracture or dinner force deformity

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20
Q

Rx: closed reduction and casting if not comminuted; ORIF if comminuted

A

Colles’ fracture or dinner force deformity or Smith’s fracture

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21
Q

Description: Fracture of the distal radius with palmar/medical displacement

A

Smith’s fracture

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22
Q

Q: What fracture is common in young men, usually a fall or blow to the back of the hand.

A

Smith’s fracture

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23
Q

MOI: Fall onto flexed or pronated wrist.

A

Smith’s fracture

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24
Q

Description: Fracture of proximal or mid 1/3 ulna with radial head dislocation

A

Monteggia fracture

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25
Q

MOI: FOOSH or direct blow (MVA)

A

Monteggia fracture or Galeazzi fracture

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26
Q

Rx: Usually ORIF or rigid immobilization

A

Monteggia fracture or Galeazzi fracture

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27
Q

Description: Fracture of distal 1/3 of radius with distal radioulnar joint distruption

A

Galeazzi fracture

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28
Q

Description: Valgus force impaction of capitellum onto radial head

A

Radial head fracture

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29
Q

MOI: Axial loading on a pronated and partially flexed or outstretched arm

A

Radial head fracture

30
Q

Rx: Usually ORIF, rarely closed reduction with casting or early ROM

A

Radial head fracture

31
Q

Description: may be diaphyseal (younger), proximal (older), or distal (children)

A

Humeral fracture

32
Q

MOI: FOOSH, elbow or direct blow

A

Humeral fracture

33
Q

Rx: Often closed reduction and immbolization (80%), otherwise ORIF

A

Humeral fracture

34
Q

Description: common in children, periosteal sleeve remains intact

A

Greenstick fracture

35
Q

MOI: Usually bending force, fall or direct blow

A

Greenstick fracture

36
Q

Rx: Cast immobilization

A

Greenstick fracture

37
Q

Description: typically affects middle 1/3 of clavicle

A

Clavicle fracture

38
Q

MOI: fall onto or direct blow to the shoulder

A

Clavicle fracture

39
Q

Rx: Figure 8 sling for nondisplaced fractures; rarely ORIF if displaced

A

Clavicle fracture

40
Q

Description: may be related to osteoporosis, metastatic disease, TKA

A

Femoral shaft fracture

41
Q

MOI: Usually high energy trauma e.g. MVA, often accompanied by significant soft tissue trauma

A

Femoral shaft fracture

42
Q

Rx: IM nailing, ORIF, or external fixation

A

Femoral shaft fracture or Tibial shaft fracture

43
Q

Description: critical lode bearing area, often associated with meniscal and/or ligamentous damage

A

Tibial plateau fracture

44
Q

MOI: Valgus force with axial loading

A

Tibial plateau fracture

45
Q

Rx: Functional bracing, ORIF if displaced > 5mm

A

Tibial plateau fracture

46
Q

Q: What is the most commonly fractured long bone?

A

Tibia(l shaft fracture)

47
Q

MOI: Usually high energy trauma

A

Tibial shaft fracture

48
Q

Description: considered intra-articular and prone to avascular necrosis

A

Talus fracture

49
Q

MOI: Fall from height or trauma

A

Talus fracture

50
Q

Rx: ORIF and immobilization

A

Talus fracture

51
Q

MOI: fall from height

A

Calcaneal fracture

52
Q

Rx: Strict immobilization and elevation, then protected WB, possible ORIF

A

Calcaneal fracture

53
Q

Diagram: Identify the fracture

A

Mallet, drop, or baseball finger

54
Q

Diagram: Identify the fracture

A

Scaphoid fracture

55
Q

Diagram: Identify the fracture

A

Perilunate fracture/dislocation

56
Q

Diagram: Identify the fracture

A

Boxer’s fracture

57
Q

Diagram: Identify the fracture

A

Bennett’s fracture

58
Q

Diagram: Identify the fracture

A

Colles’ fracture or dinner fork defromity

59
Q

Diagram: Identify the fracture

A

Smith’s fracture

60
Q

Diagram: Identify the fracture

A

Monteggia fracture

61
Q

Diagram: Identify the fracture

A

Galeazzi fracture

62
Q

Diagram: Identify the fracture

A

Radial head fracture

63
Q

Diagram: Identify the fracture

A

Diaphyseal humeral fracture

64
Q

Diagram: Identify the fracture

A

Proximal humeral fracture

65
Q

Diagram: Identify the fracture

A

Distal humeral fracture

66
Q

Diagram: Identify the fracture

A

Greenstick fracture

67
Q

Diagram: Identify the fracture

A

Clavicle fracture

68
Q

Diagram: Identify the fracture

A

Femoral shaft fracture

69
Q

Diagram: Identify the fracture

A

Tibial plateau fracture

70
Q

Diagram: Identify the fracture

A

Tibial shaft fracture

71
Q

Diagram: Identify the fracture

A

Talus fracture

72
Q

Diagram: Identify the fracture

A

Calcaneal fracture

PTRS 746 Exam 1 (9 decks)

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