Special considerations in prescribing Flashcards
1
Q
What are the pharmacokinetic changes that occur with age?
A
- Absorption increased in neonates
- Distribution varies depending on body composition
- Metabolism and Elimination decrease at age extremes
2
Q
What are things to consider in pregnancy?
A
- Risks to baby through teratogenicity
- Risks to mother as physiological changes affect pharmacokinetics
3
Q
What changes can co-morbidities cause?
A
- Reduced metabolism and elimination
- Increased sensitivity
- Side effects may be poorly tolerated
- Some drugs may worsen co-morbidities
4
Q
Trimethoprim and pregnancy
A
Trimethoprim should not be taken in the first trimester as it can cause fetal malformation
=> Nitrofuratoin is known to be harmful at term and can cause neonatal haemolysis
=> Amoxicillin has no harm to pregnancy, therefore is used as an alternative for pregnant women with UTIs
5
Q
What drugs lower the threshold for epilipsy?
A
- Aminophylline
- Carbapenem antibiotics
- Opioids
- NSAIDs
- Antiphyschotics
- Antidepressants
- Anaesthetics
