Special Considerations Flashcards

1
Q

What are some considerations for Lines, tubes, and other equipment in acute care?

A
  • identify all equipment prior to moving patient
  • assess location of equipment in relation to planned patient movement
  • ensure adequate slack with all lines and tubes
  • know what can be unplugged, stopped, or removed
  • consult nursing with questions
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2
Q

What are some considerations for fall prevention in acute care?

A
  • Always have appropriate footwear prior to standing
  • Check bed alarms
  • Determine fall status of patient
  • Leave call bell within patient’s reach
  • Make sure patient can use the call bell
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3
Q

What two things should you always do when checking the bed alarms

A
  1. disarm before getting the patient up

2. always re-arm the alarm when putting the patient back in bed

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4
Q

What should you keep in mind when determining the fall status of a patient?

A

Never leave fall-risk patients unattended in a wheelchair alone in their room

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5
Q

What should you keep in mind when communicating with the patient

A

Cognitive level
education
understanding of condition

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6
Q

What should you report to nursing

A

unusual vital signs or behaviors
amount voided (if required)
when patient is out of bed
plans for returning pt to bed

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7
Q

What should you report to the physician

A

concerns that require change in care plan

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8
Q

What should you report to the case manager

A

Concerns about D/C plans, equipment, or other special needs for home

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9
Q

What should you report to the rehab team

A

patient progress toward D/C

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10
Q

What are the goals of Standard Precautions?

A

control nosocomial infections by:

  • decreased risk of transmission of BBP
  • decreased risk of transmission of pathogens from moist body substance
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11
Q

Standard Precautions apply to

A

Blood
bodily fluids/secretions (not sweat)
non-intact skin
mucous membrane

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12
Q

When would you use contact precautions?

A

known or suspected infectious microorganisms that are transmitted by direct or indirect contact

ex: MRSA, VRE, noravirus, C. Diff, chicken pox

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13
Q

Contact precautions include

A
  1. private room
  2. gloves and gown prior to entering room, remove and place in designated container before leaving room
  3. Dedicate non-critical client care items to patient
  4. Disinfect all equipment and surfaces with approved disinfectant before use by others
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14
Q

What are enteric precautions

A

additional contact precautions used for C-diff, norovirus, and rotovirus

  • Hand washing with soap and water (not alcohol)
  • all equipment must be cleaned using chlorine-based disinfectant
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15
Q

When would you use droplet precautions?

A

Involves pathogens larger than 5 microns that travel in droplets

droplets travel no further than 3 ft and infect conjuctivae or mucous membranes

ex: pneumonia, influenza, whooping cough

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16
Q

Droplet precautions include

A
  • Private room
  • Face mask (including visitors or if pt leaves room
  • Goggles or face shield in case of potential spray
17
Q

When would you use airborne precautions?

A

Involves pathogens smaller than 5 microns that can remain suspended in the air for several hrs and are displaced by air currents

infect host via inhalation or direct transmission

Ex: TB, measles, chicken pox

18
Q

Airborne precautions include

A
  • Don and doff respirator outside of room

- Isolation room with negative pressure

19
Q

When would you use neutropenic precautions?

A

protect immunocompromised patients

chemo, immunosuppressive drugs, etc

20
Q

Neutropenic precautions include

A
  • careful attention to washing hands and equipment before interacting with the patient
  • don mask when in patients room
  • patient wears mask leaving their room
  • restrictions on diet: avoid uncooked fruits and vegetables, tap water, and ice from machine
  • no fresh flowers
  • restriction on # of visitors and no visitors who feel ill
21
Q

What WBC count is considered Neutropenia?

A

<1500 / mm3