SPEAKING Flashcards
the process of building and sharing meaning through the use of verbal and non-verbal symbols, in a variety of contexts
speaking
this is complex because speakers are involved
in a rapid and dynamic process incurring a high element of doing various things at the same things at the same time
speaking
why do we speak?
CPI
- Convey thoughts,
- Persuade people
- Inspire people and spur them into action
what are the skills to be developed for effective speaking in a second language
VGP
- vocabulary
- grammar
- pronunciation
To be able to speak effectively, you have to acquire enough words to say what you want to say and to make you more capable of delivering exactly what you want to convey.
vocabulary
The fewer mistakes you make with this, the more effective your speech is.
Accurate message > accurate ???
grammar
pronunciation is divided into ???
- segmentals
- suprasegmentals
- also called phonemes
- Individual sounds of the consonants and vowels
segmentals
speech techniques that apply to multiple segments such as stress, intonation, and rhythm
suprasegmentals
- refer to the level of formality and style in
speaking, anchored on different situations and
contexts - describes the way a person speaks in relation to their audience
speaking registers
what are the different types of speech registers
FFCCI
- frozen or fixed register
- formal register
- consultative register
- casual register
- intimate register
- This type of register is often used in very formal ceremonies and must be said the same each time we say it as part of a ritual
- It is the most formal communicative style for
respectful situations.
frozen or fixed register
what are examples of frozen register
- shakesperean plays
- philippine national anthem
- lord’s prayer
- preamble
- wedding vows
- This type often follows a prescriptive format
- It is used in formal settings and is usually impersonal.
- This includes academic language.
- Should use complete sentences, standard vocabulary, and exact pronunciation of words
formal register
what are examples of formal register
- speeches/sermons
- announcements
- pronouncement of judges
- graduation ceremony
- professional meeting
- academic lecture
- This is the standard form of communication
- The speaker uses the participation and feedback of the listener.
- The speaker and listener(s), when using consultative register, are both members of the audience.
consultative register
what are examples of consultative register
- Doctor and patient
- Lawyer and client
- Teacher and student
- Cashier and customer
- sometimes also called informal register
- This is an informal speech, usually used between, friends, or colleagues who have things to share
- There is free and easy participation of both speaker and listener
casual register
what are examples of casual register
- Talking to your peers
- Talking to your acquaintances
- Talking to your friends
- a conversation between two very close individuals
- It is also used to discuss topics that the speaker does not wish to be public knowledge, such as personal stories, problems at work or schools, or secrets
intimate register