Spatial Disorientation

Question 1

SPATIAL DISORIENTATION TYPE I

Answer 1

Unrecognized. An aviator does not receive any indication of SD or think anything is wrong. A mistake that usually results in a fatal mishap. Most dangerous.

Question 2

SPATIAL DISORIENTATION TYPE II

Answer 2

RECOGNIZED : The pilot perceives a problem resulting from SD but might not recognize it a SD.

Question 3

SPATIAL DISORIENTATION TYPE III

Answer 3

INCAPACITATING: The pilot experiences such an overwhelming sensation of movement that he or she cannot orient using visual cues of the aircraft instruments.

Question 4

EQUILIBRIUM MAINTENANCE SYSTEMS:

Answer 4

• Visual System
• Vestibular System
• Proprioceptive System

Question 5

VISUAL ILLUSIONS

Answer 5

• False Horizon
• Fascination (Fixation)
• Flicker Vertigo
• Crater Illusion
• Relative Motion
• Altered Planes of Reference
• Size-Distance
• Hight-Depth
• Confusion with Ground Lights
• Structural Illusion
• Autokinesis
• Reversible Perspective

Question 6

VESTIBULAR ILLUSIONS (SOMATOGYRAL)

Answer 6

• Leans
• Graveyard Spin
• Coriolis

Question 7

VISTIBULAR ILLUSIONS (SOMATOGRAVIC)

Answer 7

• Oculogravic
• Elevator
• Oculoagravic

Question 8

PREVENTION OF SPATIAL DISORIENTATION

Answer 8

• Never fly without visual reference points(actual horizon or artificial)
• Trust the instruments. Never fly VMC IMC at the same time.
• Avoid fatigue, smoking, hypoglycemia, hypoxia, and anxiety
• Refer to instruments / Develop a good cross-check
• Delay intuitive reactions long enough to check references(visual/instrument)
• Transfer controls to other pilot.

Question 9

SPATIAL DISORIENTATION DEFINED

Answer 9

An individual’s inability to determine his or her position, attitude, and motion relative to the Earth’s surface. Pilots are unable to see, believe, interpret, or prove information derived from their flight instruments.