Spanish Conquest Of The Americas

Question 1

What attracted settlers to mesoamerica?

Answer 1

Lots of water
Fertile soil
Animals

Question 2

Why were families so important?

Answer 2

For company, food, a home and jobs

Question 3

What’s a calpulli?

Answer 3

A local clan group that each family belonged to

Question 4

What did a calpulli leader have to do?

Answer 4

Collect taxes, build own temple, provide support and stability

Question 5

What did calpulli ensure?

Answer 5

Good behaviour, one persons mistake affected the whole group

Question 6

What are women recognised as if they die in childbirth?

Answer 6

A brace soldier

Question 7

What did commoners wear?

Answer 7

Simple knee length clothes made of cactus fibres, no decorations or jewellery

Question 8

What did nobles wear?

Answer 8

Longer cotton clothes, decorations and embroidery, jewellery

Question 9

Who led the army?

Answer 9

The king

Question 10

What were the 3 functions of each city under a tiered administration system?

Answer 10

To control economy
Manage religious ceremonies
Perform administrative duties

Question 11

What did boys training to be Knights eventually compete for?

Answer 11

The honour of carrying weapons for the elite warriors

Question 12

How many people from each capultin was supplied to the army?

Answer 12

400

Question 13

What was important in Aztec economy?

Answer 13

Trade, collection of taxes and creation of everyday items

Question 14

What kind of sacrifice did they practise for the sun God and why?

Answer 14

Blood sacrifice as it showed the red glow of the sun, they thought they had to to keep the sun in the sky

Question 15

What kinds of things did they practice to show respect to the gods?

Answer 15

Religious festivals and ceremonies and sacrifices

Question 16

How did they handle death?

Answer 16

People were buried under their homes, corpse dressed in best clothes and placed in a squat position

Question 17

Where we’re important people buried?

Answer 17

In stone vaults

Question 18

Describe the city of tenochtitlan

Answer 18

Built on island in the middle of lake texcoco, could only be reached by ramps and causeways, kept very clean

Question 19

Where and by who was the first major Spanish settlement established in the new world?

Answer 19

By Christopher Columbus on the island Hispaniola

Question 20

Who was Vasco Nunez Balboa and what did he achieve?

Answer 20

He was an explorer and conquistador. First European to lead an expedition from the new world. He discovered the south sea

Question 21

What did Francisco Pizarro Gonzalez and his brothers achieve?

Answer 21

They led an expedition to the Incan empire where they captured and executed the ruler, atahualpa because he wasn’t a Christian. They conquered the Incan capital and established a new city

Question 22

Who was Hernan Cortes?

Answer 22

A Spanish conquistador who led the expedition that ended the Aztec empire

Question 23

Why did Cortes travel to the new world?

Answer 23

For wealth and adventure

Question 24

Who was Dona marina?

Answer 24

A captured woman who understood the Aztec language that Cortes used as an interpreter

Question 25

What was Cortes’ goal when he went to tenochtitlan

Answer 25

To seize and loot the city

Question 26

Why did Cortes have to leave and put Alvarado in charge of the city?

Answer 26

A Spanish fleet sent by the governor of cuba was sent to arrest Cortes so he went and defeated them

Question 27

What happened when Cortes came back to tenochtitlan after defeating the Cubans?

Answer 27

Alvarado had killed lots of Aztec warriors at a religious festival

Question 28

How did Cortes finally end the Aztec empire?

Answer 28

When he returned in may 1521 to attack after recruiting new soldiers in tlaxacala

Question 29

What was built where tenochtitlan used to be after the rubble was levelled?

Answer 29

The city of Mexico

Question 30

What’s the encomienda system?

Answer 30

A Spanish soldier was given the right to rule an area and demand tributes and labour from the Indians but they had to protect the people and convert them to Christianity

Question 31

What was the difference in mining after Mexico was established?

Answer 31

They melted the old artefacts and collected gold and silver. They started mining and panning for gold. also got negro slaves from Africa to work as labourers

Question 32

How was daily life impacted after the aztec culture was destroyed?

Answer 32

Their religion was forcefully changed, new foods were introduced and animals such as livestock, horse, mules, sheep and cattle were imported to help on farms

Question 33

What were some long term impacts after the Spanish took total control?

Answer 33

Trade opened with Europe, different animals, food, population increase

Question 34

What is quinto real?

Answer 34

It means total fifth. It is a royal tax that the Spanish king made up where people had to pay 20% of the previous commodities that they found to the king

Question 35

What happened if a girl wanted to be a priestess?

Answer 35

She was sent to a temple at the age of 5 or 6, taught to clean, write and speak well. They were given important roles in religious festivals

Question 36

What did women wear?

Answer 36

A tunic and skirt

Question 37

What did men wear?

Answer 37

Loincloth and a cloak

Question 38

Which foods were common everyday?

Answer 38

Fruit, beans, vegies, tomatoes, pumpkins, boiled cactus leaves and peppers

Question 39

What was Aztec medicine a mix of?

Answer 39

Religion, herbs and first aid

Question 40

What system did the Aztecs rule with?

Answer 40

Tiered administration

Question 41

What did the Aztecs rely on war to do?

Answer 41

Bring land, people, wealth and control of new cities

Question 42

How many soldiers were in one division?

Answer 42

8000

Question 43

Who was the most powerful god?

Answer 43

The sun god

Question 44

What were the Spanish looking for in the new world?

Answer 44

Wealth and prestige

Question 45

Who was hernan Cortes?

Answer 45

A Spanish conquistador who led an expedition and ended the Aztec empire