Shogunate Japan Test part 1

Question 1

What are the 4 main islands of Japan?

Answer 1

Hokkaido, Honshū, Skikoku and Kyūshū

Question 2

What are some characteristics of Japan’s geography and environment?

Answer 2

Frequent earthquakes, over 100 active volcanos, mountainous, dense forests, hotter south and colder north

Question 3

Who owns all the land?

Answer 3

The emperor

Question 4

How did the emperor get loyalty and cooperation?

Answer 4

Used shōen

Question 5

What are shōen?

Answer 5

Grants of land from the emperor that were excluded from taxes

Question 6

What are Diamyo?

Answer 6

Lords, they were noble leaders of samurai

Question 7

What did the strict rules and customs affect for the diamyo?

Answer 7

Style and material of clothing, type of carriage, shape and number of folds in their fan. (Only highest ranks had 25 fold fans)

Question 8

Who were samurai?

Answer 8

The soldiers/warriors of Japan that the diamyo led into battle to claim more land

Question 9

Characteristics of wet fields

Answer 9

Wealthier people farmed on wet fields because they were more expensive and harder to maintain. They grew rice.

Question 10

Significance of rice in shogunate Japan

Answer 10

Rice was the basis of the economy and the diamyo collected taxes in the form of rice, up to 40% of harvest.

Question 11

Characteristics of dry fields

Answer 11

Produced barley, millet, soybeans, vegies and hemp

Question 12

What happened when they ran out of harvest?

Answer 12

Usually by spring they’d have to hunt in the forest or go fishing

Question 13

What did women do in a successful village?

Answer 13

Learnt useful crafts such as ceramics, embroidery and jewellery making

Question 14

What were the 3 main belief systems?

Answer 14

Shinto, Confucianism and Buddhism

Question 15

Brief description of Shintoism

Answer 15

‘The way of the spirits’. Involved spirits called kamp that even to be at natural features or places that create wonder or fear.

Question 16

How did respect to kami?

Answer 16

Held ceremonies and built shrines

Question 17

What was Confucianism?

Answer 17

A philosophy by Confucius that encourages respect for elders, consideration of others and cooperation. Spread to Japan in about 3AD

Question 18

Brief description of Buddhism

Answer 18

They believe life is a search for enlightenment and believe in reincarnation until enlightenment is achieved (a perfect state)

Question 19

What beliefs majorly influenced Japanese culture?

Answer 19

Shinto and Buddhist

Question 20

What’s Bonsai?

Answer 20

The art of carefully pruning and training a tree that’s kept in a pot or container so that it grows as a mini version of its normal shape

Question 21

What’s Ikebana?

Answer 21

The art of flower arrangement, usually done in silence as a sign of respect and meditation

Question 22

What’s Noh?

Answer 22

‘Skill’. A mystical drama performed since 14th century. Originally a way of presenting Shinto and Buddhist stories and morals to people. Actors are men

Question 23

Who had the highest authority in the Shinto religion?

Answer 23

The emperor

Question 24

Who was the first emperor?

Answer 24

Jimmu (became emperor in 600bc)

Question 25

How was the structure of government divided?

Answer 25

Emperor

Spirituality: Religion and kami rituals,interpret meaning behind unusual events, advised emperor when to travel&smaller major decisions.

Financial administration: Taxes and laws, 60 provinces each with a governor who ruled province and collected taxes for emperor

Question 26

What were 4 things that came to Japan as a result of Shinto and Buddhist influences of culture?

Answer 26

Noh, Ikebana, Bonsai, Haiku and origami

Question 27

What did the samurai follow?

Answer 27

Bushido, (‘way of the warriror’). Code of behaviour for the samurai based on Confucian and Shinto ideas

Question 28

What did Bushido encourage?

Answer 28

Confucian ideas such as honour, respect of elders, loyalty to master and self-discipline

Question 29

Describe the samurai’s armour

Answer 29

Small pieces of leather or metal laquered/joined together as scaled to allow for movement and protection

Question 30

What’s seppuku?

Answer 30

A ritual suicide by disembowelling that samurai practised to demonstrate they’re still worthy of regaining honour after their reputation was damaged by defeat, disobedience or inability to follow orders.

Question 31

When did a samurai commit seppuku?

Answer 31

When their reputation was damaged by defeat, disobedience or inability to follow orders from their lord

Question 32

Explain forestry and how it was a problem

Answer 32

Originally pop going up slowly because people born and despite in battle. After sakoku pop went up because no battles & sakoku also meant they couldn’t import wood. This means there’s more demand for wood and prices went up. Diamyo & shogun protected forests and made ppl get permission to cut down trees. People plant more trees. Japan is happy again, with lots of trees.

Question 33

What did the Japanese use wood for?

Answer 33

Houses, boats,cooking, eating, paper, woodblocks, art, heating, washing tubs, weapons and tools

Question 34

What’s kokugaku?

Answer 34

The study of Japan by Japanese

Question 35

What was Confucius known as?

Answer 35

The ancient and perfect sage

Question 36

What weapons did samurai use?

Answer 36

Long and short sword, bow and spear

Question 37

Why did a samurai commit seppuku?

Answer 37

To prove they were worthy of regaining honour

Question 38

What was the other name for an emperor?

Answer 38

Mikado (heavenly sovereign)

Question 39

Where was the emperors court based?

Answer 39

At Nara

Question 40

Who was the head of the government?

Answer 40

The emperor