Spaces and Places Flashcards
what is a place
somewhere that someone has a relation to
factors that influence a perception of a place
- age
- gender
- sexuality
- religion
roles in creating a place and emotional attachment
- the role we have at any one time can influence peoples perception of a place
- as we go through life roles for each people can change which may change perception as well
- memory is a personal thing because of our experiences are unique to us, memories are also highly selective so - positive experiences of a place are likely to have a strong emotional attachment to that place this can happen vice versa as well
characteristics of a place
- physical geography
- demography
- socio-economic
- cultural
- political
- built environment
socio-economic influence on places
interaction of social and economic factors, able to compare places, income, car ownership, education, etc
political influence on places
hierarchy of political authority, can make the place more appealing through things such as street lighting or benches
built up environment influence on places
some places are more built up than others which could be other people preference
what is time-space compression
the set of processes that cause relative distances between places, for example transportation is shortening the time for food to get from one place to another
what is global village
used to convey the idea that the world has become smaller in a sense of better inter-connectedness
how does globalisation alter a sense of place
increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of the world, economically, politically, socially and culturally, different places are affected by different amounts through globalisation
how does globalisation affect economic change
decreases the cost of manufacturing, easier access to transportation, global trading
impacts of structural economic change on people and places
people- can go all over the world for tourism, work, etc
places- can grow in many different ways such as tourism
informal ways of representing a place
- TV
- films
- media
- photos
- blogs
- graffiti
formal ways of representing a place
- census
what is social inequalities
differences, based on factors such as age, ethnicity, gender, religion, education and wealth exist in all society, thesis differences often raise moral issues concerning inequality
how can inequality be measured in places
- quality of life- the extent to which peoples needs and desires are met
- standard of living- the ability to access services and goods, food, water and clothes
why do spatial variations in social inequality occur
inequalities exist at all scales from the global to local, inequalities between urban and rural places, factors that explain inequalities are: wealth, housing, health, education, access to services
role governments can play in patterns of social inequality
- different scales, local, national, international
- in many countries government play an important role in decision-making and allocating resources
- motivated by the idea of social justice and political cohesion and seek to reduce the extremes poverty and inequality
how are places produced by a range of people
urban places are at the forefront of growth but increasing interconnectedness between rural places will also experience significant growth, the challenges that places will face is that where will this increasing population live, work, etc
why would a place rebrand
all places have an image that depends on peoples perception of a place so if a place has a bad perceived image and reputation then they may wish to rebrand to change the image and perception of the place
strategies for rebranding
- market led- private investors aiming to make a profit, gentrification
- top-down- large-scale organisations such as local authorities
- flagship development- large scale, one-off property projects, act as a catalyst for further development of the area
- legacy- following international sporting events which brought investment and regeneration
- events or themes- major festivals acts as a catalyst for the cultural development and impact for the city
people and places involved in rebranding
- key players are people involved in funding, governments
- corporate bodies- help fund rebranding strategies and carry out physical developments, banks and insurance companies
- not-for-profit organisations-involved in rebranding, sometimes invoking change but also being affected by it, National Trust
rebranding can be a contested process
rebranding can bring changes to a place that some people may not like, this could be because the character of a place changes after rebranding, rebranding may happen even after being contested because one group is favoured
case study: Toxteth and Lymphstone
Toxteth- past- bank of river mersey, Liverpool, Saxons established in 1086, 16th century farming and small scale industry, making use of water power, Liverpool major port in 17th century ship building, residential growth up as industrial growth up, attractive greenfield site for property developers, 19th century further demands for industry and housing, cheap poorly constructed houses, unhygienic, toxteth growth from connections between national and international as goods pass through
present- high population density, much younger, migrant attraction, many cultures, part of riverside ward, part of Liverpool city council, built environment adapted to migrant communities
Lymphstone- small valley cut through red breccia cliffs, extensive tidal mudflats, extended out into the estuary, beach of pebbles,
past- Saxon established, transferred to a succession of French families, 13th century small port, 19th century shipbuilding ships became to big and couldn’t fit down the river, 1840s high amounts of tourism, railway improved connectedness, time-spaced compression, shellfish industry
present- above country average population density density, retained strong sense of security, dormitory settlement or Exeter, lack of ethnical diversity, has a parish council
