Space Flashcards

1
Q

The sun, the planets, and smaller bodies

A

Solar system

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2
Q

A group of millions or billions of stars held together by their own gravity

A

Galaxy

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3
Q

Everything, space and all the matter and energy in it

A

Universe

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4
Q

An object that orbits a more massive object

A

Satellite

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5
Q

When an object strikes the surface of a larger object in space it explodes and leaves behind a round pit

A

Impact crater

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6
Q

The earth rotates around an imaginary line through it’s center

A

Axis of rotation

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7
Q

The motion of one object around another

A

Revolution

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8
Q

Patterns of temperature changes and other weather trends over the course of the year

A

Season

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9
Q

Sunlight shines on the southern and northern hemispheres

A

Equinox

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10
Q

A dark spot on the moon

A

Mare

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11
Q

Occurs when a shadow makes the sun or moon seem to grow dark

A

Eclipse

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12
Q

Is the darkest part

A

Umbra

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13
Q

Around the umbra is a spreading cone of lighter shadow

A

Penumbra

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14
Q

Is earth’s average distance from the sun

A

Astronomic unit

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15
Q

The shape of each orbit

A

Ellipse

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16
Q

Are Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars-the closest planets to the sun

A

Terrestrial planet

17
Q

Are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune-are made of mainly hydrogen, helium, and other gases

18
Q

Small, solid rocky bodies that orbit close to the sun

19
Q

A body that produces a coma of gas and dust

20
Q

A brief streak of light produced by a particle entering earth’s atmosphere at a high speed

21
Q

A small object from outer space that passes through earth’s atmosphere and reaches the surface

22
Q

Having or representing the earth as the center

A

Geocentric

23
Q

Having or representing the sun as the center

A

Heliocentric

24
Q

The force that objects exert on each other because of their mass

25
The alternative rising and falling of the sea
Tide
26
The moon at any time after a new moon, and before full moon
Waxing
27
The moon at any time after a full moon and before new moon
Waning
28
Of the moon or a planet:seen with more than half, but not all of the apparent disk illuminated
Gibbous moon
29
The shape of the visible part of the moon when it is less than half full
Crescent moon
30
The moon with it's whole apparent disk illuminated
Full moon
31
The phase of the moon when it is in conjunction with the sun and invisible from earth,or shortly thereafter when it appears as a slender crescent
New moon
32
The moons phase when it is in conjunction with the sun so that it's dark side is toward the earth
Quarter moon
33
The path of an object as it moves around another object because of the gravity
Orbit
34
Longest and shortest days during the year
Solstice
35
When day and night are equally | length
Equinox