Space

Question 1

What does the Solar system consist of ?

Answer 1

There is the sun, planets and dwarf planet, asteroid and comets and the moon in the solar system
MOON-natural satellite which orbit planets
GALAXY-contains hundred of millions stars
UNIVERSE-hundred of billon galaxies

Question 2

How is the star formed?

Answer 2

1) Stars form from clouds of dust and gas (nebula gas is mainly hydrogen)
2) gravity causes the cloud of dust and gas to collapse

Question 3

How is the lifecycle of a star that is the same size as the sun formed?

Answer 3

begin life as a cloud of dust and gas(nebula) then becomes a protostar and eventually a main sequence star
1)At some stage hydrogen starts to run out

Question 4

How is the Lifecycle of a star that is bigger then the sun created?

Answer 4

1) Once the star runs out of hydrogen, leave main sequence star and expand to red super giants
2) helium nuclei fuse to produce heavier elements

Question 5

What is orbital moon?

Answer 5

Earth orbit is virtually circular

Planet orbits the sun and the force of gravity holds the planet in their orbits

Question 6

What are artificial satellites?

Answer 6

Artificial satellites are man-made ,geostationary satellites orbit once every 24 hours so they always point at the same part of earth

Question 7

Explain Red shift

Answer 7

Light from very distant galaxies has an increased wavelength compared to light from closer galaxies
-Galaxies that are further away have a bigger red shift so these galaxies are moving faster than galaxies that are closer this means universe is expanding

Question 8

What is the Big Bang Theory?

Answer 8

Scientist believe universe was very hot and dense and a small region Region then expanded into the universe

Question 9

How is a protostar created ?

Answer 9

3)Dust particles move faster temp rises creates a protostar

Question 10

How does a main sequence star form?

Answer 10

4) If temp of the protostar gets high enough then hydrogen nuclei join together to form helium a main sequence star (nuclear fusion)
* Nuclear fusion acts outwards expanding the star and gravity acts inwards collapsing the star this balance is called equilibrium

Question 11

How is heavier elements created?

Answer 11

2) outward force is less then the inwards force the star collapses.
3) Collapse of the star causes its temp to increase then helium nuclei fuse together to create heavier elements

Question 12

How is a black dwarf created?

Answer 12

4) Star expands to form a red giant and then stops fusing helium, star shrinks and now its a white dwarf
5) Gradually cools down because there’s no fusion and stops releasing energy=black dwarf

Question 13

How is a supernova created?

Answer 13

3) Red super giant stops carrying nuclear fusion star explodes = supernova
4) supernova only produces elements heavier then iron

Question 14

what is created from a star bigger that the sun?

Answer 14

5)When supernova explodes elements are distributed through out universe
6)Remains of the star form a neutron star (neutrons densely packed together)
OR a black hole (large gravity that not even light can escape.

Question 15

What is circular orbits?

Answer 15

force of gravity is leading to a change in velocity(change in direction) but not change in speed

Question 16

What happens to the speed and radius of an orbit moon?

Answer 16

• If the speed of the satellite changes then the radius of the orbit must change
• speed of satellite increase then radius decreases, because a higher speed satellite needs a greater force of gravity to prevent it flying from space SO moving closer to earth the gravitational force on the satellite is greater and it remains in a stable orbit

Question 17

What is red shift?

Answer 17

galaxies are moving away from each other causing light waves to be stretched (increase wavelength)

Question 18

What do scientist assume about the Big Bang?

Answer 18

• They assumed gravity will cause expansion and gradually slow down
• But observation of supernova show the rate of expansion is actually increasing
• Scientist suggested universe contains dark matter and dark energy that Is not detectable