Southern Italy Flashcards
What are the primary grapes in Campania?
W; Falanghina, Greco & Fiano
R; Aglianico
Describe the climate in Campania and potential influences of hazards.
Mediterranean climate
risk of spring frost, cold and rainy early autumns (frost pockets and valley floor)
altitude as a cooling influence ( planted up to 600m)
What are the 3 main soil types in Campania?
- Limestone & clay in hills
- Volcanic & sandy soils around Naples
- Alluvial sediments between Naples & Benevento
Give a description of Falanghina
- rising in popularity (mostly planted white in Campania
- good resistance
- mid - late ripening
- med int apple, white peach, herbaceous
- med acidity
- acceptable to very good
- inexpensive to mid-priced
Give a description of Greco
- prone to grey rot and both mildews
- low vigour and productivity
- heat and drought resistant
- late ripening
- deep lemon, high alcohol, oily texture
- floral, stone fruit, smoky
- very good, mid priced - premium
Give a description of Fiano
- late ripening
- thick skinned (resistant against grey rot)
- prone to mildews
- med int, floral, peach, hazelnut
- Vg- outstanding, mid- premium priced
Describe Aglianico
- early budding, late ripening
- requires long season to ripen tannins
- vigorous (needs to be controlled-
- med+ pronounced rose, red plum, blackberry
- high acid, high tannins
- high quality grows on cool slopes to prolong growing season
What are the requirements of Taurasi DOCG?
- min 85% Aglianico
- max yields 70 hL/ha
- 3y, 1y wood (riserva 4y, 18m woods)
- long macerations and oak
Describe Piedirosso
- pale ruby
- med acid, med tannins, med alcohol
- red plum & cherry
- adapted to heat and drought
- thick skinned
- warm and windy conditions => no mildew
early drinking, mid -premium priced
What is the climate in Basilicata?
Warm mediterranean with cooling influences from altitude and breezes from Balkan
What are the requirements of Aglianico del Vulture DOC?
100% Aglianico
max 70 hL/ha
grown on clay, limestone & volcanic soils
1y ageing
vg-outstanding, mid - premium
Requirements of Aglianico del Vulture Superiore DOCG
max 52hL/ha
3y, 1y wood
What is the climate in Puglia?
Hot mediterranean climate with cooling influences from sea
What are the difficulties growing primitivo?
- buds early
- prone to spring frosts and drought
- ripens unevenly
- in rainy conditions, prone to poor flowering and fruit set
- accumulates sugar early
Describe Primitivo from Puglia
med - pronounced ripe red cherry, strawberry
med acid, med tannin
acceptable - outstanding
What are the main DOc’s in Puglia?
Primitivo di Manduria DOC
Gioia del Colle DOC Primitivo
Describe Negroamaro
- high yield
- disease and drought resistant
- retains acid
- black plum, black cherry
- med-high alc, med acid, med tannins
Requirements of Salice Valentino Rosso DOC
min 75% Negroamaro (90% if variety is on label)
max 84hL/ha
riserva must be aged 2y, 6m oak
Describo Nero di Troia
- late ripening
- prone to downy mildew
- ripens unevenly
- med int red cherry, redcurrant, black pepper
- high tannins, med acid
what is Uva di Troia?
nero di Troia
What climate has Sicily?
Warm mediterranean climate
What are the characteristics of Catarratto?
- high yielding & disease resistant
- light int lemon and herbal
- high acid, med alc
- inexpensive, acc-good
What are the characteristics of Grillo?
= cross between Catarratto & Moscato
-moderately high yielding, heat & disease resistant
- full bodied, med int lemon & floral
- good -VG, inexpensive- mid priced
What are the characteristics of Inzolia?
- early ripening
- needs early picking for acidity
- drought resistant
- med int lemon
- med acid, med body
- inexpensive- mid, acc - good
what are the white grapes of Sicily?
Catarratto, Grillo, Inzolia & Moscato, Carricante
What is Ansonica?
Inzolia
What is the local name for Moscato?
Zibibbo
In which styles is Zibibbo made on Pantelleria?
dry
Late harvest
Passito
Why are bush vines planted in individual planting holes on Pantelleria?
To conserve water
Protection from wind
What are the characteristics of Nero d’Avola?
- late ripening
- vigorous and prone to powdery mildew, uneven flowering
- med-deep ruby
- red cherry, black plum
-med/high tannins
good-outstanding
inexp-premium
local name for Nero d’Avola
Calabrese
What kind of wine is Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG and which grapes are used?
concentrated red
Nero d’Avola (50-70%) & Frappato (30-50%)
What are the difficulties of growing Nerello Mascalese?
- ealry budding
- late ripening
- coulure
- prone to powdery and bunch rot
- timing of deleafing is very important for ripening / sun burn
Describe Nerello Mascalese
- pale - medium ruby depending on extraction
- high int red cherry, violet, herbal
- high acid, med-high tannins, med+ alc
Requirements for Etna Rosso DOC?
min 80% Nerello Mascalese
rest is Nerello Cappuccio
max 56 hL/ha
Ageing requirements for Etna Rosso Riserva DOC
4Y, 1Y wood
Describe Etna Rosso DOC
pale ruby
med int cherry
high acid
med-high tannins
vg-outstanding
mid-premium
Describe Carricante
- grows succesfull at high altitude
- prone to fungal disease
- high acid, med alc
- med int; green apple, lemon
-usually aged in old oak for texture and malo
Requirements of Etna Bianco DOC
Min 60% Carricante
rest is usually Catarratto
What is Grenache Noire called in Sardinia?
Cannonau
What are the climate and influences in Sardinia
Warm mediterranean with low rainfall during growing season
- cooling influences from altitude
- warm winds from mediterranean
What grapes are grown on Sardinia?
Cannonau, Carignano
Vermentinu
What are the characteristics of Vermentino?
- early budding
- prone to downy mildew & grape moths
- med int lemon, acacia & tropical fruit
- light - med body, med alc, med acid
- g-vg, mid-premium
What are the 2 most important DOCs for Vermentino in Sardinia?
Vermentino di Sardegna DOC (high yields)
Vermentino di Gallura DOCG (low yields)
