South Africa Flashcards
1
Q
When was Cape Town founded and by whom?
A
Cape Town was founded in 1652 by Jan van Riebeeck of the Dutch East India Company.
2
Q
What was the initial purpose of the first wines produced in South Africa?
A
To sustain sailors bound for the East Indies on long ocean voyages.
3
Q
Who brought new winemaking knowledge to South Africa in the late 1680s?
A
French Huguenots fleeing religious persecution.
4
Q
What is the meaning of Franschhoek?
A
French Quarter.
5
Q
What significant wine did Governor Simon van der Stel introduce?
A
Vin de Constance.
6
Q
What major problem did South African wines face in the latter half of the 19th century?
A
Powdery mildew and phylloxera.
7
Q
What was the impact of the British abolishing preferential tariffs in 1861?
A
Renewed competition with French wines.
8
Q
What cooperative was formed in 1918 to help South African wine producers?
A
Ko-operatieve Wijnbouwers Vereniging van Zuid-Afrika (KWV).
9
Q
What did the KWV do to stabilize the wine industry?
A
Fixed minimum prices, determined areas of production, and established production limits.
10
Q
When was the South African Wine Industry Trust (SAWIT) established?
A
In 1999.
11
Q
What is the purpose of the Wine of Origin (WO) system?
A
To certify wines based on grape variety and origin.
12
Q
What percentage of the stated grape must be in a WO certified wine?
A
85%.
13
Q
What are the four types of production areas in the Wine of Origin system?
A
- Geographical unit
- Region
- District
- Ward
14
Q
What is the Integrated Production of Wine Scheme (IPW)?
A
A voluntary certification for WO producers complying with sustainable environmental standards.
15
Q
How many large geographical areas are South Africa’s wine-producing regions divided into?
A
Seven.
16
Q
What are the main white grape varieties grown in South Africa?
A
- Chenin Blanc
- Chardonnay
- Sauvignon Blanc
- Hanepoot
- Colombard
- Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains
- Semillon
17
Q
Which grape is referred to as South Africa’s signature red grape?
A
Pinotage.
18
Q
What are the two most planted red grape varieties in South Africa?
A
- Cabernet Sauvignon
- Syrah/Shiraz
19
Q
What is Méthode Cap Classique (MCC)?
A
Traditional method sparkling wines produced in South Africa.
20
Q
What is the climate of the Western Cape wine-producing area?
A
Mediterranean.
21
Q
What is the most planted white grape in South Africa?
A
Chenin Blanc.
22
Q
What significant wine auction takes place in Paarl?
A
Nederburg Wine Auction.
23
Q
Which district is known for producing over 25% of South Africa’s national wine volume?
A
Worcester.
24
Q
What grape varieties are predominantly planted in the Klein Karoo region?
A
- Muscat
- Tinta Barroca
25
What is the largest co-operative winery in South Africa?
Namaqua.
26
What is the most famous site for Grenache in the Olifants River Region?
Piekenierskloof.
27
What two districts comprise the Olifants River Region?
Citrusdal Mountain and Citrusdal Valley
## Footnote
The Olifants River Region is located to the north of Swartland.
28
What are the main grape varieties purposed for bulk wines in the Olifants River Region?
Colombard and Chenin Blanc
## Footnote
South Africa’s largest co-operative winery, Namaqua, is based in this region.
29
Which ward in the Olifants River Region is well known for Grenache?
Piekenierskloof
## Footnote
It is one of the most famous sites in the region.
30
What is the single vineyard in the Olifants River Region famous for old vine Chenin Blanc?
Skurfburg
31
Where are South Africa’s highest elevation vineyards located?
Cederberg
## Footnote
Cederberg is an unincorporated ward located to the east of the Olifants River Region.
32
How many districts comprise the Cape South Coast Region?
Seven
33
Which four districts of the Cape South Coast Region line the southwestern Atlantic Coast of South Africa?
Overberg, Elgin, Walker Bay, and Cape Agulhas
34
What is the fifth district of the Cape South Coast Region located over 250 miles to the east?
Plettenberg Bay
35
What are the four wards that Overberg is divided into?
Klein River, Theewater, Elandskloof, and Greyton
36
Which grape varieties are showing good results in the cooler maritime climate of Overberg and Elgin?
Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Noir, and Riesling
37
What is the coastal town around which the Walker Bay district is located?
Hermanus
38
What grape varieties are Walker Bay showing success with?
Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, and Pinotage
39
Which winery in Walker Bay was an early proponent of Burgundy grapes and Pinotage?
Hamilton Russell Winery
40
What is the southernmost point of the continent where Cape Agulhas is located?
Cape Agulhas
41
In which ward are the vineyards concentrated in Cape Agulhas?
Elim
42
What grape varieties are provoking excitement in Cape Agulhas?
Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, and Shiraz
43
True or False: South Africa has a rich history in winemaking.
False
## Footnote
South Africa is still in its infancy as a winemaking region.
44
What varietal has achieved success in South Africa and offers a uniquely marketable expression?
Chenin Blanc
45
What grape variety is noted for showing more potential in recent years in South Africa?
Pinotage
46
Fill in the blank: With proper understanding and careful viticulture, _______ can offer a singular expression for South Africa.
Pinotage
47
What is the future outlook for South Africa as a wine-producing country?
A developing frontier for wine and a country to watch over the coming decade
48
What is the primary location of South Africa’s Coastal Region?
Around the original colony of Cape Town and along the western coast of the Cape
49
How many districts is the Coastal Region subdivided into?
Nine districts
50
List the nine districts of South Africa's Coastal Region.
* Stellenbosch
* Cape Town
* Paarl
* Tulbagh
* Darling
* Franschhoek Valley
* Lutzville Valley
* Wellington
* Swartland
51
What wards are included in the Cape Town district?
* Constantia
* Hout Bay
* Durbanville
* Philadelphia
52
Which vineyard is state-owned in the Constantia region?
Groot Constantia
53
What does 'Buitenverwachting' translate to?
Beyond Expectations
54
What style did Klein Constance revive in the 1980s?
Muscat de Frontignan plantings
55
What is the average February temperature in the Coastal Region?
Around 70 degrees Fahrenheit
56
What is the most prominent winemaking region in South Africa?
Stellenbosch
57
What nickname is given to Stellenbosch?
Town of Oaks
58
What percentage of South Africa’s vines are located in Stellenbosch?
Just over 15%
59
Name the two most planted grape varieties in Stellenbosch.
* Cabernet Sauvignon
* Sauvignon Blanc
60
What type of climate does Stellenbosch have?
Maritime-influenced climate
61
Which two blended reds are praised from Stellenbosch?
* Warwick Estate’s 'Trilogy'
* Meerlust’s 'Rubicon'
62
What is the name of a champion producer of Pinotage in Stellenbosch?
Kanonkop
63
List some wards within Stellenbosch.
* Devon Valley
* Jonkershoek Valley
* Papegaaiberg
* Simonsberg-Stellenbosch
* Bottelary
* Banghoek
* Polkadraai Hills
64
What does 'Paarl' mean in English?
Pearl
65
What is the largest producer in the Paarl district?
Nederburg
66
What significant event has taken place in Paarl since 1975?
Nederburg Wine Auction
67
What type of wine did Nederburg first produce in South Africa?
Botrytised dessert wine
68
What varieties is Paarl successful with?
* Cabernet Sauvignon
* Shiraz
* Pinotage
* Chenin Blanc
* Chardonnay
69
Which district separated from Paarl in 2010?
Franschhoek Valley
70
What is significant about Tulbagh's altitude?
Creates a significant diurnal temperature shift
71
What type of wine production is increasing in Tulbagh?
MCC production
72
What three districts comprise the Breede River Valley?
Robertson, Worcester, Breedekloof
## Footnote
A fourth district, Swellendam, shifted to the Cape South Coast region in late 2010.
73
Which two districts in the Breede River Valley produce over 25% of South Africa's national volume of wine and spirits?
Breedekloof, Worcester
## Footnote
These districts also account for nearly 20% of the nation’s vine acreage.
74
What are the primary grape varieties planted in Worcester?
* Colombard
* Chenin Blanc
* Ruby Cabernet
75
What is Robertson known for in terms of wine production?
Higher quality area for MCC and red wine production
## Footnote
Shiraz is emerging as one of the district’s finest varietal wines.
76
What are the two districts in the Klein Karoo region?
Langeberg-Garcia, Calitzdorp
77
What type of wine production is dominant in the Klein Karoo region?
Fortified and sweet wine production
78
Which grapes are considered the most promising in the Klein Karoo region?
* Muscat
* Tinta Barroca
79
What two districts are included in the Olifants River Region?
Citrusdal Mountain, Citrusdal Valley
80
What is the primary wine purpose for Colombard and Chenin Blanc in the Olifants River Region?
Bulk wines
81
Where is South Africa’s largest co-operative winery located?
Namaqua, in the Olifants River Region
82
What is the ward of Piekenierskloof known for?
Grenache
83
What is the single vineyard of Skurfburg famous for?
Old vine Chenin Blanc
84
Where are South Africa’s highest elevation vineyards located?
Cederberg, an unincorporated ward east of the Olifants River Region
85
How many districts comprise the Cape South Coast Region?
Seven districts
86
Which districts line the southwestern Atlantic Coast of South Africa?
Overberg, Elgin, Walker Bay, Cape Agulhas
87
Where is Plettenberg Bay located in relation to the other districts?
Over 250 miles to the east along the southern coast of Africa
88
What district borders Overberg to the east near the Breede River Valley?
Swellendam
89
What is the smallest district mentioned in the Cape South Coast Region?
Lower Duivenhoks River district
90
How is Overberg organized?
Divided into four wards: Klein River, Theewater, Elandskloof, Greyton
91
When did Elgin receive district status?
Early 2012
92
Which grape varieties are showing good results in Overberg and Elgin?
Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Noir, Riesling
93
What is Walker Bay known for?
Whale-watching and success with Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, and high-quality Pinotage
94
What winery is a pioneer in Walker Bay?
Hamilton Russell Winery
95
Which grape varieties did Hamilton Russell Winery promote?
Burgundy grapes and Pinotage
96
What are the top areas of production in Walker Bay?
Bot River and Hemel-en-Aarde Valley
97
What is notable about Cape Agulhas?
It sits on the southernmost point of the continent
98
In which ward are the vineyards of Cape Agulhas concentrated?
Elim
99
What grape varieties are exciting for the Cape Agulhas region?
Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Shiraz
100
Fill in the blank: Walker Bay is a whale-watcher's _______.
delight
101
True or False: Elgin was previously a separate district before 2012.
False
102
What are the seven large geographical areas of South Africa's wine-producing regions?
Western Cape, Northern Cape, Eastern Cape, North West, Kwazulu-Natal, Limpopo, Free State
103
How many production areas are there in the Northern Cape?
Six
104
List the production areas in the Northern Cape.
* Karoo-Hoogland
* Douglas
* Sutherland-Karoo
* Central Orange River
* Hartswater
* Prieska
105
What is the single ward in the Eastern Cape?
St. Francis Bay
106
Which districts are found in Kwazulu-Natal?
* Central Drakensberg
* Lions River
107
Do Limpopo and North West contain further delineations?
No
108
What independent ward is held by the Free State?
Rietrivier
109
Fill in the blank: The region of _______ consists of only six production areas.
Northern Cape
110
True or False: The Free State has multiple wards.
False
111
