Sources of Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 sources of drugs?

A
  1. Natural
  2. Semisynthetic
  3. Synthetic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the active compounds in plants

A
  1. alkaloids
  2. glycosides
  3. resins
  4. gums
  5. tannins
  6. fixed oils
  7. volatile oils
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

alkaloids

A
  • most common to create the common class of drugs
  • basic nitrogenous bases that are insoluble in water and end in -ine
  • their salts are soluble in water
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

glycosides

A

sugars combined with organic structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

resins

A
  • substances formed by polymerization of volatile oils (longer chains of oils)
  • active ingredient to increase shelf life
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

gums

A
  • polysaccharides secreted by certain trees

- longer chains of sugars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

tannins

A

NON nitrogenous plant constituents that produce an astringent effect (precipitate proteins)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

fixed oils

A
  • STABLE oils that WILL NOT evaporate when exposed to air

- already added to an already active compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

volatile oils

A

WILL evaporate when exposed to air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are drug usage examples from animal sources?

A
  • blood transfusions
  • plasma
  • hormones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are drug usage examples from fungi?

A

antibiotics: penicillin, streptomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are drug usage examples from bacteria

A

antibiotics: bacitracin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are semisynthetic sources?

A

from natural sources and chemically treated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are synthetic sources?

A

highly purified substances prepared synthetically (does not come from anything natural)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly