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संस्कृतम् > भगवद्गीता १. (source: Sargeant's book) > Flashcards

भगवद्गीता १. (source: Sargeant's book) Flashcards

1
Q

धृतराष्ट्रः

A

dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ, mns: Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the blind Kuru king to whom the Bhagavad Gītā is to be related by Saṁjaya, his minister. The name, a BV cpd., means “He by whom the kingdom is held.“

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2
Q

उवाच

A

uvāca, 3.s.perf.act. √vac (2P, aniṭ): he said, he spoke.

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3
Q

धर्म

A

dharma, m: duty, law, righteousness, virtue, honor.

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4
Q

क्षेत्रे

A

kṣetre, nls (kṣetra, n): in the field, on the field.

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5
Q

कुरु

A

kuru, m: Kuru, the royal dynasty to which Dhṛtarāṣṭra belongs.

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6
Q

समवेताः

A

samavetāḥ, mnpl, p.pass.part. from sam+ava√i (2P): come together, assembled.

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7
Q

युयुत्सवः

A

yuyutsavaḥ, mnpl, desiderative adj. (yuyutsu from √yudh (4Ā)): desiring to fight, battle-hungry, desiring to battle.

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8
Q

मामकाः

A

māmakāḥ, mnpl, poss. pron. substantivised ‘my people’

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9
Q

पाण्डवाः

A

pāṇḍavāḥ, mnpl: the Sons of Pāṇḍu.

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10
Q

च

A

ca, ind.: and.

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11
Q

एव

A

eva, ind. : indeed (used as a rhythmic filler).

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12
Q

किम्

A

kim, inter. pron. : what?

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13
Q

अकुर्वत

A

akurvata, 3.pl.impf.middle

√kṛ (8Ā) : they did.

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14
Q

संजय

A

saṁjaya, mvs : Saṁjaya, minister to king Dhṛtarāṣṭra, who relates to him the bulk of the Bhagavad Gītā.

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15
Q

दृष्ट्वा

A

dṛṣṭvā (gerund -absolutive- of √drś): seeing, having seen.

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16
Q

तु

A

tu (ind.): indeed, truly.

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17
Q

पाण्डव

A

pāṇḍava (adj.): pertaining to the Sons of Pāṇḍu.

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18
Q

अनीक

A

anīka, n.: army, fighting force, face, appearance, edge.

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19
Q

पाण्डव-अनीकम्

A

pāṇḍava-anīkam, nas; TP cpd. ‘army of the Sons of Pāṇḍu.

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20
Q

व्यूढम्

A

vyūḍham, n.a.s; past passive participle (ta-part.) of vi √vah; ‘arrayed, drawn up in battle formation’.

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21
Q

दुर्योधनः

A

duryodhanaḥ, mns: Duryodhana, chief of the Kāurava (Kuru) army, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra and chief inciter of the battle. The name ‘dus-yodhana’ means ‘ difficult to be conquered’.

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22
Q

तदा

A

tadā (ind.): then, at that time.

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23
Q

आचार्यम्

A

ācāryam, mas: teacher, master, to the teacher, to the master (Droṇa).

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24
Q

उपसंगम्य

A

upasaṁgamya, gerund -absolutive- upa sam √gam (1P): approaching, going up to.

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25
Q

राजा

A

rājā, mns (from rājan, m): the King, royal personage, here referring to Duryodhana.

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26
Q

वचनम्

A

vacanam, nas: word, speech.

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27
Q

अब्रवीत्

A

abravīt , 3.s.impf.act. of √brū; he said, he spoke.

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28
Q

पश्य

A

paśya, 2.s.impv.act. of √paś (4P); Behold! Look! Perceive! See!

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29
Q

एताम्

A

etām, fas: this.

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30
Q

पाण्डुपुत्राणाम्

A

pāṇḍuputrāṇām, mgpl: of the Sons of Pāṇḍu.

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31
Q

आचार्य

A

ācārya, mvs: O Master! O Teacher! (here applied to the aged warrior Droṇa, who has instructed many warriors on both sides of the battle.

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32
Q

महतीम्

A

mahatīm, fas: great, mighty.

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33
Q

चमूम्

A

camūm, fas (from camū, f) : army, division of warriors.

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34
Q

व्यूढाम्

A

vyūḍham, fas, past. pass. part. (‘ta part.’) of vi √vah: arrayed, drawn up in battle formation

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35
Q

द्रुपद

A

drupada, Drupada, father of Dhṛṣṭradyumna, who is chief of the Pāṇḍava army. The name means ‘rapid step’.

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36
Q

पुत्रेण

A

putreṇa, mis: by the son, i.e., by Dhṛṣṭradyumna, whose name means ‘bold splendor’ or ‘audacious majesty’.

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37
Q

तव

A

tava, gs : of thee.

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38
Q

शिष्येण

A

śiṣyeṇa, mis. : ‘by the one to be taught’, by student, as a student.

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39
Q

धीमता

A

dhīmatā, mis. : by wise, by intelligent.

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40
Q

तम्

A

tam, mas: him, to him

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41
Q

तथा

A

tathā, ind. adv. (correlative of yathā): thus, in this way, also , as well.

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42
Q

कृपया

A

kṛpayā, fis (stem: kṛpā, f): by pity, by sorrow, by being merciful

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43
Q

आविश्टम्

A

āviṣṭam, mas; ta-part. of ā√viś (6P): (lit. entered) here ‘filled, affected by, overcome by’

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44
Q

कृपा

A

kṛpā, f: pity, compassion, sorrow, mercy

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45
Q

अश्रु

A

aśru, n.: tear

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46
Q

पूर्ण

A

pūrṇa, ta-pp of √pṝ (9P), filled with or full of (inst. or gen. case or cpd.)

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47
Q

आकुल

A

ākula, adj., downcast, disturbed

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48
Q

ईक्षण

A

īkṣaṇa, n (from √īkṣ (1Ā, īkṣate), eye

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49
Q

अश्रुपूर्णाकुलेक्षणम्

A

aśrupūrṇākulekṣaṇam, nas, BV cpd. ‘whose eyes where filled with tears and downcast’.

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50
Q

विषीदन्तम्

A

viṣīdantam, nas, pr.part. of vi√sad (1P); despairing, lamenting, desponding, dejected

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51
Q

इदम्

A

idam, pron. nas, this (stem ayam)

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52
Q

वाक्य

A

vākya, n, word, speech

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53
Q

धीमत्

A

dhīmat, m, wise, intelligent, thoughtful (dhī-mat ‘possessing thought’)

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54
Q

मधुसूदनस्

A

madhusūdanas, mns, Slayer of Madhu, epithet of Krishna referring to Vishnu-Krishna’s slaying the demon Madhu.

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55
Q

इषु

A

iṣu, m. ‘arrow’

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56
Q

प्रतियोत्स्यामि

A

pratiyotsyāmi, 1.s.future. of prati √yudh; ‘I shall fight against, I shall attack’.

57
Q

पूजा

A

pūjā, f. ‘reverence, honor, veneration’

58
Q

अर्हौ

A

arhau, m.a.du; worthy, deserving

59
Q

पूजार्हौ

A

pūjārhau, madu, two-reverence-worthy, two venerable

60
Q

अरि

A

ari, m.; ‘enemy, foe’

61
Q

सूदन

A

sūdana, m. nom/acc. sg; ‘slayer, slaying’

62
Q

अरिसूदन

A

arisūdana, mvs TP cpd., ‘Slayer of the Ennemy’, epithet of Krishna

63
Q

श्रीभगवान्

A

śrībhagavān, mns. ‘the Blessed Lord, the Blessed One’

64
Q

उवाच

A

uvāca, 3.s.perf. of √vac, he said, he spoke

65
Q

कुतस्

A

kutas (interrog.), whence? from where? from whom? wherefore? how?

66
Q

त्वा

A

tvā, pron. a.s; ‘thee, of thee’

67
Q

कश्मलम्

A

kaśmalam, n.a.s; ‘timidity, impurity, faintheartedness’

68
Q

इदम्

A

idam, pron. n.a.s; ‘this’

69
Q

विषमे

A

viṣame, m/n l.s; ‘in distress, in misfortune, in difficulty, in danger’

70
Q

समुपस्थितम्

A

samupasthitam, n.a.s; participle of sam+upa√sthā; ‘approaching, come near to’

71
Q

अनार्य

A

anārya, adj., not honorable, unaryan

72
Q

जुष्टम्

A

juṣṭam, n.a.s; ‘acceptable, agreeable, welcome’

73
Q

अनार्याजुष्टम्

A

anāryajuṣṭam, n.a.s; ‘not suitable to an Aryan, not acceptable to an Aryan’ (lit. “acceptable to a non-aryan’.

74
Q

अस्वर्ग्यम्

A

asvargyam, n.a.s; ‘not leading to heaven’ (svarga,m.; heaven)

75
Q

अकीर्ति

A

akīrti, f.; ‘disgrace, infamy’

76
Q

करम्

A

karam, n.a.s., ‘making, causing’ (from the root kṛ, to do, to make)

77
Q

अकीर्ति-करम्

A

akīrti-karam, n.a.s; TP cpd.; ‘causing disgrace’

78
Q

अर्जुन

A

arjuna, m.v.s; ‘Arjuna’

79
Q

क्लैब्यम्

A

klaibyam, n.a.s; ‘cowardice’

80
Q

मा

A

mā (prohibitive); ‘not, never’

81
Q

स्म

A

sma; ‘indeed, in truth’

82
Q

गमस्

A

gamas, 2nd.sg.aorist subjunctive of √gam (1P); ‘thou shouldst undergo, thou shouldst partake of, thou shouldst entertain’.

83
Q

क्लैब्यम् मा गमस्

A

klaibyam mā gamas; ‘do not become a coward’.

84
Q

पार्थ

A

pārtha, m.v.s; ‘Son of Pṛthā’, frequent epithet of Arjuna, referring to his mother Pṛthā or Kuntī.

85
Q

न

A

na; ‘not’

86
Q

एतद्

A

etad, n.n.s; ‘this’

87
Q

त्वयि

A

tvayi, loc.sg; ‘in thee’

88
Q

उपपद्यते

A

upapadyate, 3.s.pres.ind.mid. of upa√pad; ‘it is suitable, it is possible, it is according to rule’.

89
Q

क्षुद्रम्

A

kṣudram, n.a.s; ‘base, low, despicable’.

90
Q

हृदय

A

hṛdaya, n; ‘heart’

91
Q

दौर्बल्यम्

A

daurbalyam, n.a.s; ‘lack of strength, weakness, impotence’.

92
Q

हृदयदौर्बल्यम्

A

hṛdaya-daurbalyam, n.a.s; ‘faintheartedness’ (lit. ‘weakness of heart’)

93
Q

त्यक्त्वा

A

tyaktvā, gerund of √tyaj; ‘abandoning, having abandoned’.

94
Q

उत्तिष्ठ

A

uttiṣṭha; 2.s.impv.act. of ud√sthā; ‘stand up! arise!’

95
Q

परंतप

A

paraṁtapa, m.v.s; ‘Scorcher of the Foe’, epithet of Arjuna

96
Q

कथम्

A

katham (interrog.), how? in what way?

97
Q

भीष्मम्

A

bhīṣmam, m.a.s; ‘Bhīṣma’, the old Kaurava warrior, great uncle of Arjuna.

98
Q

अहम्

A

aham, pron; ns; ‘I’

99
Q

संख्ये

A

saṁkhye, n.l.s; ‘in battle, in conflict’.

100
Q

द्रोणम्

A

droṇam, m.a.s; ‘Droṇa’, a brāhman and Arjuna’s teacher, fighting on the Kaurava side.

101
Q

च

A

ca, and

102
Q

गुरून्

A

gurūn, m.a.pl; ‘elders, gurus, teachers’

103
Q

अहत्वा

A

ahatvā, gerund of a √han; ‘not slaying, instead of slaying’.

104
Q

हि

A

hi, ‘indeed, in truth’

105
Q

महानुभावान्

A

mahānubhāvān, m.a.pl; ‘of great might, mighty, high-minded, noble, generous’; cpd. mahā-anubhāvān from root anu-bhū (1P)

106
Q

श्रेयस्

A

śreyas (comparative); ‘better, preferable’.

107
Q

भोक्तुम्

A

bhoktum, infinitive of √bhuj; ‘to eat, to enjoy’.

108
Q

भैक्ष्यम्

A

bhaikṣyam, n.a.s; ‘living on alms, begging, mendicancy’.

109
Q

अपि

A

api; ‘even, also’

110
Q

इह

A

iha, ‘here, here in the world, here below’.

111
Q

लोके

A

loke, m.l.s; ‘on earth, in the world’

112
Q

हत्वा

A

hatvā, gerund of √han; ‘having slain/killed, slaying, killing’.

113
Q

अर्थ

A

artha, m; ‘gains, property, booty, object’.

114
Q

कामान्

A

kāmān, m.a.pl; ‘desires, greed’.

115
Q

अर्थकामान्

A

artha-kāmān, m.a.pl; BV cpd.; ‘desirous of gain’.

116
Q

तु

A

tu; ‘indeed, but’.

117
Q

एव

A

eva; ‘indeed’ (used as a rhythmic filler)

118
Q

भुञ्जीव

A

bhuñjīva, 1st.s.opt.mid. √bhuj; ‘I should enjoy, I should eat’.

119
Q

भोगान्

A

bhogān, m.a.pl; ‘enjoyments, pleasures’.

120
Q

रुधिर

A

rudhira; adj; ‘red, bloody’.

121
Q

प्रदिग्धान्

A

pradigdhān; m.a.pl; from pra√dih; ‘smeared, covered’.

122
Q

रुधिरप्रदिग्धान्

A

rudhira-pradigdhān; m.a.pl; TP cpd. from pra√dih; ‘smeared with blood’.

123
Q

एतत्

A

etat, pron. nas. ‘this’

124
Q

विद्मस्

A

vidmas; 1st.pl.pres.ind.act. of √vid; ‘we know’.

125
Q

कतरत्

A

katarat, n.a.dual; ‘which of two?’

126
Q

नस्

A

nas, pron. a.pl; ‘us’

127
Q

जयेयुस्

A

jayeyus, 3rd.pl.opt.act of √ji; ‘they should conquer, they should be victorious over’.

128
Q

यान्

A

yān, m.a.pl. relat. pron; ‘whom’

129
Q

जिजीविषामस्

A

jijīviṣāmas, 1st.pl.desiderative.act. of √jīv; ‘we desire to live’.

130
Q

ते

A

te, m.n.pl; pron; ‘they’.

131
Q

अवस्थितास्

A

avasthitās, mnpl. p.pass.participle of ava√sthā, standing, arrayed in battle order, arrayed.

132
Q

प्रमुखे

A

pramukhe, n.l.s; ‘face to face, before us’.

133
Q

कार्पण्य

A

kārpaṇya, n; ‘poorness of spirit, pity’.

134
Q

दोष

A

doṣa, m; ‘wrong, weakness, sin’.

135
Q

उपहत

A

upahata, p.pass.participle of upa√han; ‘damaged, afflicted, overcome, discouraged’.

136
Q

स्वभवस्

A

svabhavas, nom.sg; ‘own being’.

137
Q

कार्पण्य-दोष-उपहत-स्वभवस्

A

kārpaṇya-doṣa-upahata-svabhavas, ns., BV cpd. ‘whose own being was overcome by weakness of pity’.

138
Q

पृच्छामि

A

pṛcchāmi, 1st.s.pres.ind.act. of √pracch; ‘I ask, I pray’.

संस्कृतम् (7 decks)

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