Sound error classifications

Question 1

Dodd’s subtypes

Answer 1

articulation disorder, phonological delay, consistent deviant phonological disorder, inconsistent deviant phonological disorder

Question 2

articulation disorder

Answer 2

Few consistent phonetic errors, usually distortions.
11% of SSD.

Question 3

phonological delay

Answer 3

Consistent typical errors that should have disappeared in a child of that age.
50% of SSD.

Question 4

consistent deviant phonological disorder

Answer 4

Atypical phonological error patterns (40% of the time) with extensive assimilation, backing of stops, initial consonant deletion, fricatives for stops.
30% of SSD.

Question 5

inconsistent deviant phonological disorder

Answer 5

Atypical phonological error patterns produced less than 40% of the time (inconsistent) with different errors on the same target words.
12% of SSD.

Question 6

Shriberg’s classification

Answer 6

Motor speech focus with genetic and environmental etiology.
Normalized, speech delay, motor speech disorders, residual speech disorders.

Question 7

normalized

Answer 7

9 years or older with history of speech sound errors but not current errors.

Question 8

speech delay

Answer 8

Shriberg
3-9 years with speech patterns of children who are younger.
Highly unintelligible with substitutions and deletions.
Achieve normal speech production with treatment.
Associations with genetics, otitis media, psychosocial etiology.

Question 9

motor speech disorders (motor planning)

Answer 9

3-9 yrs with distortions, omissions, substitutions.
More likely to have residual errors after treatment.
CAS or developmental dysarthria etiology.

Question 10

residual speech errors

Answer 10

Shriberg
Less than 5% kids under 9, 1% adolescents and adults.
Sibilant s and r distortion errors.
Environmental etiology.