Sound and Light Flashcards
Medium
A substance through which a wave can travel
Media
Consists of any solid, liquid, or gas, but not a vacuum
Air, water, metal, glass, stone
Protect your ears
Relocating further away from the sound source
Wear ear plugs
Turn down volume
Long string vs short string
Long produces anlower fundamental note
Sound Quality
Blending of pitches through interference
Amplitude
Determines the loudness
Greater amplitde - louder the aound
Loudness
How well a sound can be heard
Pain from sound
Starts at 120 decibels
What determines pitch?
Frequency of a sound wave
Hertz
Measure of frequency
Ultrasonic sounds
Sounds above the highest frequency we can detect
Ultrasonic sounds for humans
Above 20,000 Hz
Doppler Effect
Due to the relative motion of either the sound source or the listener.
Front of the source - pitch is higher as it moves towards you
Echo
Reflected sound wave
Usually as it bounces off a hard surface
Person experiences a sonic boom
Shock wave reaches the ear
Parts of ear
Ear drum
Middle ear
Cochlea
Ear drum
Membrane divides outer ear from middle ear
Sound must pass through ear drum
Middle ear
Three bones - anvil, hammer, stirrup
These increase the size of vibrations
Cochlea
Spiral sea shell shape
Filled with liquid
Tiny hairs
Movement of hairs send electrical signals to brain
Speed of sound
Varies from one medium to another
Oscilloscope
Graphic representation of a sound wave
Ratefactions - troughs
Compressions - crests
Vibrations
Complete back and forth motion of an object
Sound waves
Longitudinal waves that are caused by vibrations
Carried through a substance and transfers energy
Sound
Transmitted through vibrations and collisions of the particles
Sound wave travel
Away from source
In all directions
