Sound Flashcards
Vibrations is the ____ of an object back and across its _____ position. A periodic vibration or _____, is one that repeats with a fixed time interval for each vibration.
Motion, equilibrium, oscillation
What is a longitudinal vibration
The motion is parallel to the objects length
What is amplitude
Maximum distance the object achieves from equilibrium
What is the symbol for amplitude
A
What is the equation for the total distance travelled during N complete cycle
Delta T = (4A) N
What is frequency
How often an object vibrates
If N cycles occur during interval delta T, then the frequency is what
F=N/delta T
Mechanical Resonance is the ___ of energy in the form of vibration from one object to another, provided the ___ is vibrating at the _____ frequency of the second, and there is a mechanism for the transfer.
Transfer, first, natural
What is a wave pulse
Partial vibration transmitted through a medium
A wave is a regularly repeated series of ____ ____ capable of transporting energy from one location to another
Wave pulses
What is a transverse wave
Motion of particles in the medium is perpendicular to wave motion
The top loop of the wave is called the what
Crest
The bottom loop of the wave is called the what
Trough
What is the symbol of wavelength
Lambda
State the principle of superposition
“Whenever two or more wave pulses meet at the same point in the medium, the resulting displacement of the medium from its equilibrium position is equal to the algebraic sum of the displacement of the individual wave pulses”
Define constructive interference
Effect resulting from two or more waves pushing a medium in the same direction
Destructive interference
Effect resulting from two or more waves pushing the medium in opposite directions
A super crest is a wave crest resulting from ____ _____ which is larger than either individual ___.
Constructive interference, crest
A super trough is a wave trough resulting from constructive interference which is ___ than either individual ____.
Larger, trough
Diffraction is the spreading out of a wave as it passes through an ____
Opening.
Refraction is the change of what
Speed
Reflection and transmission of waves- when waves travel toward a fixed end, they are reflected ____ phase.
Out of
Waves that travel toward a free or open end are reflected ___ phase
In
Define standing waves
When two waves of equal amplitude and wavelength travel in opposite directions through the same medium, they interfere by the principle of superposition
