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Ultrasound Physics > Sound > Flashcards

Sound Flashcards

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1
Q

Sound waves are identified by _______ in acoustic variables.

A

Oscillations

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2
Q

Three acoustic variables that are used to distinguish between sound waves and other types of waves.

A

Pressure, density, distance

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3
Q

All waves ________ from one location to another.

A

Carry energy

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4
Q

Sound is a _______ wave in which particles in a medium move.

A

Mechanical

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5
Q

Sound must travel through a medium where molecules are alternately __________ (squeezed together) and _________ (stretched apart).

A

Compressed, rarefied

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6
Q

Sound travels in a _______ line.

A

Straight

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7
Q

Sound waves are ________ waves.

A

Longitudinal

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8
Q

The effects of the medium upon the sound wave.

A

Acoustic propagation properties

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9
Q

The effects of the sound wave upon the biological tissue through which it passes.

A

Biologic effects

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10
Q

Concentration of force in an area.

A

Pressure

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11
Q

Units of pressure

A

Pascals (Pa)

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12
Q

Concentration of mass in a volume

A

Density

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13
Q

Units of density

A

Kg / cm^3

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14
Q

Measure of particle motion

A

Distance

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15
Q

Units of distance

A

Cm, feet, mile

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16
Q

Sound waves are also known as

A

Acoustic waves

17
Q

Seven acoustic parameters that are used to describe the characteristics of a sound wave.

A

Period, frequency, amplitude, power, intensity, wavelength, propagation speed

18
Q

In a _______ wave, particles move in a direction that is perpendicular to the direction that the wave propagates.

A

Transverse

19
Q

In a _______ wave, particles move in the same direction that the wave propagates.

A

Longitudinal

20
Q

A pair of waves who’s peaks occur at the same time and at the same location.

A

In-phase

21
Q

When two wave’s peaks occur at different times, and so do their troughs.

A

Out-of-phase

22
Q

When more than one sound beam travels in a medium, their beams arrive at an identical location at the same time, and their waves lose their individual characteristics at that moment to form a single wave.

A

Interference

23
Q

Interference of a pair of in-phase waves that results in the formation of a single wave of greater amplitude than either of its components.

A

Constructive interference

24
Q

Interference of a pair of out-of-phase waves resulting in the formation of a single wave of lesser amplitude than at least one of its components.

A

Destructive interference

25
Q

When two out-of-phase waves are of equal amplitude, this may occur…

A

Complete destructive interference

26
Q

Interesting phenomenon when waves of different frequencies interfere.

A

Both constructive and destructive interference

27
Q

What do waves transfer from one location to another?

A

Energy

28
Q

Which of the following best describes sound waves?
A. A series of compressions and rarefactions
B. Waves that are heard by man
C. Movement of molecules and energy from one location to another
D. Waves that are used to make images of anatomy

A

A. Sound waves are a series of compressions and rarefactions

29
Q

Which of the following terms does not belong with the others?
A. Compression
B. Region of high density
C. Region of high pressure
D. Wide molecular spacing

A

D. Wide molecular spacing

30
Q

Variations in all of the following identify specific waves as acoustic waves except…
A. Pressure
B. Parameters
C. Density
D. Acoustic variables

A

B. Parameters

31
Q

All of the following are true of sound waves except…
A. They are acoustic
B. They are pressure waves
C. They are transverse
D. They move energy

A

C. They are transverse

32
Q

All of the following are acoustic parameters except…
A. Pressure
B. Period
C. Propagation speed
D. Frequency

A

A. Pressure

33
Q

Which of the following best describes sound waves?
A. Transverse, pressure waves
B. Transverse, longitudinal waves
C. Longitudinal, out-of-phase waves
D. Longitudinal, pressure waves

A

D. Longitudinal, pressure waves

34
Q

Two waves are traveling in a medium and arrive at a location at the same time. What event takes place?

A

Interference

35
Q

Which types of waves will exhibit both constructive and destructive interference?

A

Waves of different frequency

36
Q

What units are used to report the pressure of a sound beam?

A

Pascals

37
Q

True or false? Acoustic variables allow us to determine which waves are sound waves and which are not.

A

True

38
Q

True or false? Acoustic parameters are used to describe the features of sound waves.

A

True

Ultrasound Physics (3 decks)

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