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Physics- year 8 > Sound > Flashcards

Sound Flashcards

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1
Q

What is sound produced by?

A

by vibrating particles

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2
Q

What does sound need to travel through?

A

a medium; it can’t travel through a vacuum

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3
Q

What is a vacuum?

A

empty space with no air

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4
Q

What is a medium?

A

solid, liquid or gas

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5
Q

What is the speed of sound in:
air at sea level (average air)
water (liquid)
metal (gas)

A

330
1500
5000

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6
Q

What are echoes caused by?

A

reflection of sound.

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7
Q

What kind of waves are sound waves?

A

longitudinal waves

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8
Q

What are sound waves composed of?

A

compressions (where the air molecules are closer together) and rarefactions (where the air molecules are further apart).

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9
Q

Where do sound waves travel fastest and why?

A

in solids because the particles in a solid are closer together, causing the vibrations to be transmitted between them fast and thus, sound travels through faster compared to liquids and gases.

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10
Q

What are longitudinal waves?

A

waves created by in and out motion in the same direction the wave is travelling.

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11
Q

What are transverse waves created by?

A

up and down movement and move at right angles (90 degrees) to the direction of travel of the wave.

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12
Q

What is the outer ear made of?

A

it is made up of the pinna, auditory canal and eardrum.

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13
Q

What does the outer ear do?

A

it directs sound into your ear and the ear drum (membrane) vibrates when sound reaches it.

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14
Q

What is the middle ear made of?

A

it is composed of the ossicles (small bones). These are the hammer, anvil and stirrup. The eardrum passes the vibrations onto them.

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15
Q

What do the ossicles then do?

A
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16
Q

What is the unit of measurement for frequency?

A

hertz (Hz)

17
Q

What affects the speed of sound in the air?

A

pressure, humidity and pressure

18
Q

What is the difference between pitch and volume?

A

Pitch is the frequency of a sound, and volume is the loudness of a sound

19
Q

What is the unit to measure the loudness of a sound?

A

decibel

20
Q

What is the range of human hearing?

A

20Hz to 20kHz

21
Q

What is the difference between sound absorption and sound reflection?

A

sound absorption is when sound waves are absorbed by a surface, and sound reflection is when sound waves bounce off a surface

22
Q

What is an echo?

A

a reflection of sound waves

23
Q

What is the equation to find speed?

A

speed (v) = distance (s) / time (t)

24
Q

What is the equation to find distance?

A

distance (s) = speed (v) x time (t)

25
Q

What is the equation to find time?

A

time (t) = distance (s) / speed (v)

Physics- year 8 (2 decks)

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