sound

Question 1

How does sound travel through solids?

Answer 1

sound waves cause vibrations through solids

Question 2

what type of wave are sound waves ?

Answer 2

Longitudal waves

Question 3

Can sound travel through a vaccuum ?

Answer 3

no, sound requires a medium to be transmitted

Question 4

what is an echo?

Answer 4

A reflected sound wave

Question 5

How can the speed of sound be measured ?

Answer 5

1. make a noise at a known distance from a solid wall,
2. record the time taken for the echo to be heard
3. then half the time and use speed= distance/time `

Question 6

what is the speed of sound in air?

Answer 6

343 m/s

Question 7

what is the speed of sound in steel?

Answer 7

5130 m/s

Question 8

How does the speed of sound compare in solids, liquids and gases ?

Answer 8

It is fastest in solids and slowest in gases

Question 9

what is the range of frequencies audible to the human ear?

Answer 9

20-20000 Hz

Question 10

what is ultrasound?

Answer 10

Sound with a frequency higher than 20 kHz

Question 11

describe the features of a longitudal wave

Answer 11

they have compressions and rarefactions

Question 12

what wave property affect the volume of sound?

Answer 12

the amplitude

Question 13

what wave property affects the pitch of the sound

Answer 13

the frequency

Question 14

how can ultrasound be used to measure distance?

Answer 14

1. when waves reach a boundary between two media , they are partially refracted
   so the speed of waves is constant. the time between emission and detection can be used to calculate distance (distance = speed / time)
2. halve the time; the recorded distance is for there and back

Question 15

describe applications of ultrasound

Answer 15

-largely used in medical imaging, specifically pregnancy as it is non ionising so it doesnt increase the risk of cancer

Question 16

What is SONAR imagine

Answer 16

SOUND NAVIGATION AND RANGING (sonar) uses both low and high frequency sound waves for imagining eg. underwater