Sound Flashcards
How is sound created?
Sound is caused by the vibrations of particles that move in a wave-like motion.
What kind of waves are sound waves?
Longitudinal waves
How do air particles vibrate and move to your ears?
Energy transfers from an object to the air
Compression
Air molecules that are compact
Rarefaction
Air molecules that are further apart(than compression molecules)
Crest
The peak of a wave
Trough
The lowest point of a wave
Wavelength
The distance between two crests
What kind of frequencies and wavelengths do high notes have?
High frequencies and short wave lengths
What kind of frequencies and wavelengths do low notes have?
Low frequencies, long wavelengths
Frequency
The number of particles pass a point every second
How is the frequency calculated?
Wave crest/second
Amplitude
The height of a wave
What does the amplitude determine?
Whether the sound will be loud or soft
What does the amplitude show?
How far particles move within a wave
Types of waves
Longitudinal and transverse waves
Decibels
They measure the volume of sound
How are sound waves formed?
Sound waves are formed by compression and rarefaction particles that move away from a vibrating object
Medium
The area that sound (and light)travels through like gas
What don’t sound waves travel through?
Vaccums
What direction do transverse waves move?
Transverse waves move perpendicular so up and down
What direction do longitudinal waves move?
Parallel so back and fourth like a spring
Pitch
How low or high a sound is which is determined by frequency
Functions of the outer ear
Collects sound waves
Parts of the outer ear
Pinna and ear canal
The function of the middle ear
Amplifies the sound
Parts of the middle ear
Oval window, eustachian tube and the ossicle bones(hammer, anvil, stirrup)
The function of the inner ear
Converts sound into nerve messages for the brain
Parts of inner ear
Cochlea, Eardrum
What volume and above in decibels can damage your ears?
90dB+
Auditory nerve
Transports sound from the receptor cells to the brain
Eustachian tube
Balances air pressure
The ossicle bones:
Magnify vibrations from sound waves(or amplify the sound, same thing)
Ear canal:
Moves sound waves from the pinna to the eardrum
Pinna:
Collects sound waves
Eardrum:
Vibrates when sound hits it and moves sound waves to the ossicle bones
Semicircular canals:
Helps us maintain our balance
Oval window:
Activates receptors and allows fluid in the cochlea to move
Cochlea;
Converts sound waves into electrical signals(or nerve messages) for the brain
Speed of sound
340km/hr
What doesn’t sound waves travel through?
Vaccums
Does sound travel faster through solids or liquids?
Solids
Human hearing range
20Hz to 20,000 Hz
Speed of sound in air
343m/s
Why can’t sound travel through a vacuum like space
Space has particles that are too apart for sound waves to form
How do concave lens treat myopia
Myopia is corrected with concave lens because they cause light rays to diverge which allows the eye to focus on objects further away
How do convex lens treat hyperopia
Hyperopia is corrected with the convex lens as they cause light rays to converge so that the eye can focus on objects that are near.
How does do we hear(pathway of sound)
Pinna collects the sound waves and the sound waves travel through the ear canal to the eardrum. The eardrum vibrates when the sound hits it and sends the vibrations to the ossicle bones. The ossicle bones amplify the sound waves and transfer them to the cochlea. The cochlea converts the sound waves into electrical signals which are carried to the brain by the auditory nerve. The brain then interprets the sound.
How does do we hear(pathway of sound)
Pinna collects the sound waves and the sound waves travel through the ear canal to the ear drum. The ear drum vibrates when the sound hits it and sends the vibrations to the ossicle bones. The ossicle bones amplify the sound waves and transfer it to the cochlea.The cochlea converts the sound i
Refractive index of s substance
The amount of light that bends when it passes through an object
