SOR1 Trials

Question 1

Kinship

Answer 1

A network of relationships that exist within Aboriginal communities. Gives a community order and structure. Often represented through totems.

Elder Bob Randall: “Kinship is the completeness of the oneness”

Question 2

Ceremonial Life

Answer 2

Link between Aboriginal people, land, and identity. Ceremonies are important for passing on and maintaining beliefs, practices, stories and traditions. Important for rites of passage, the passing on of social information and the fostering of personal and spiritual connections.

Question 3

Obligations to land and people

Answer 3

Cannot separate Aboriginal land and people - inextricably connected as tribes derive identity from the land. Land is the physical medium for ancestral beings.

Question 4

Terra Nullius

Answer 4

European term used by settlers when declaring Australia no man’s land, did not acknowledge Aboriginal ownership

Question 5

Dispossession

Answer 5

Taking away of something, in this case Aboriginal land, culture and children.

Syllabus inquiry: Discuss/evaluate the continuing effects of dispossession on Aboriginal spiritualities.

Question 6

Mabo

Answer 6

Court cases important in the Land Rights Movement. Named after Eddie Mabo, who represented the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in their fight for Native Title recognition. Named after Indigenous man Eddie Mabo, who was known for his role in campaigning for Indigenous and Torres Strait Islander Native Title rights.

In 1992 the High Court of Australia recognised and acknowledged that native title existed for all Aboriginal people.

Question 7

Native Title

Answer 7

Legal recognition that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders have ownership over land because of their laws and customs.

Question 8

Land Rights Movement

Answer 8

First organised attempt by an Australian government to recognise the legal rights of Indigenous people to their land and put into place the concept of Native Title.

Question 9

Wik

Answer 9

The Wik peoples of Queensland made a claim in June of 1993 to the Federal Court of Australia for native title to land in Cape York Peninsula Queensland.

Significant in the Land Rights movement because the High Court of Australia recognised the importance of Native Title.

Syllabus Inquiry: Evaluate the significance of the Mabo/Wik cases in the Land Rights movement.

Analyse the importance of the Dreaming for the Land Rights Movement.

Question 10

Changing patterns of religious adherence

Answer 10

• Steady decrease in adherence to Anglican church since 1947 Census; decreased at a rate of around 2% every 5 years
• Also significant decreases in Christian adherence; 88% in 1947 to 63% in 2006

Question 11

Islam in 2016 Census

Answer 11

Grew to 2.6%

• Sikhism 0.5%
• ## Judaism 0.4%

Question 12

Hinduism in 2016 Census

Answer 12

Grew to 1.9%

Question 13

Sikhism

Answer 13

Grew to 0.5%

Question 14

Judaism

Answer 14

0.4%

Question 15

Buddhism

Answer 15

2.4%

Question 16

Christianity

Answer 16

Declined from 62% to 52%

Question 17

Catholicism

Answer 17

Declined from 25% to 22%

Largest Christian denomination

Question 18

Current religious landscape

Answer 18

• Australia = microcosm of the world’s religions
• Christianity still dominates; holidays are Christian
• Immigration hugely impacted on religious landscape

Question 19

Immigration

Answer 19

Introduced a range of religions. Asian immigration introduced Hinduism and Buddhism, Middle Eastern immigration introduced Islam

Question 20

Denominational Switching

Answer 20

The act of changing religious adherence between denominations. E.g. denominational switching within Christianity could involve changing from Catholic to Pentecostal

Question 21

New Age religions

Answer 21

The rise of New Age religions - like Buddhism - can be attributed to a desire for mindfulness in a busy, stressful and time-poor society. New Age religions tend to focus on aspects of improvement of the self, mindfulness, relaxation and spirituality.

Question 22

Secularism

Answer 22

Rejection of religious systems and beliefs; separateness of government/institutions and religion. The rise in secularism can be attributed to unattractive conservative beliefs of traditional religions that do not align with modern, progressive views. Beliefs on abortion, divorce, suicide, etc are seen as backward

Question 23

Ecumenism

Answer 23

Movement towards religious unity towards Christian denominations. It is about the acknowledgement that unity in Christ outweighs differences. It develops opportunities for work, worship and dialogue together.

Question 24

Ecumenical movements in Australia

Answer 24

National Council of Churches - Raise your Voice Not the Sea Level 2014
NSW Ecumenical Council - conferences to achieve peace and justice

Question 25

Interfaith dialogue

Answer 25

Formal discussion between different religions and belief systems aimed at developing greater understanding between different religious traditions. It is about allowing different traditions to come to an appreciation of the uniqueness of other religions. Also focuses on education to dispel fear and bigotry and seeking opportunities to work together to solve international issues like refugees and asylum seekers

Question 26

Why is interfaith dialogue important?

Answer 26

- Promotes tolerance - Promotes the role of religion even in increasingly secular society - Promotes shared prayer and spirituality in times of crisis - Creates respect and appreciation for religious diversity which is essential for harmony and peace - Works to break down Muslim stereotyping since 9/11