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GYN 1&2 > sonography of OB/GYN > Flashcards

sonography of OB/GYN Flashcards

gynecology 1 and 2

1
Q

the uterus and ovaries are in the

A

pelvic compartments

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2
Q

The pelvic girdle consists of the _____pelvis and ____pelvis

A

true/minor false/major

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3
Q

an imaginary line drawn from the surface of the pubic symphysis anteriorly to the sacral promontory posteriorly

A

Linea terminalis

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4
Q

a ___ pelvis is located at the superior aspect of the pelvic cavity

A

major false

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5
Q

a ___ pelvis is located at the inferior aspect of the pelvic cavity

A

minor true

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6
Q

the vagina uterus and fallopian tubes develop at the same time as the _____

A

kidneys

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7
Q

the kidneys _______ and the ovaries _______

A

ascend and descend

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8
Q

the uterus is formed by the fusion of _____

A

Mullerian ducts

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9
Q

there are three types of uterus

A

infantile, menopausal, adult (nulliparous)

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10
Q

another word for uterine tubes is

A

fallopian tubes

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11
Q

the fallopian tubes consist of the

A

interstitial, isthmus, ampulla, infundibulum, and fimbria

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12
Q

the ampulla is used for

A

fertilization

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13
Q

sheetlike structure on each side of the uterus

A

broad ligament

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14
Q

contains the uterine artery and vein, and attaches the cervix to the lateral pelvic wall

A

cardinal ligament (ligament of mackenrodt)

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15
Q

originate at uterine horns.
provide the normal anteversion of the uterus.
source of pain during pregnancy as uterus grows.

A

round ligament

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16
Q

attached to uterus by ovarian ligaments, attached to lateral pelvic wall by suspensory ligaments,
produce 100,00 eggs or ova

A

ovaries

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17
Q

lie medial and anterior to the internal iliac artery and vein

A

ovaries

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18
Q

ovaries should not exceed

A

4cm

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19
Q

the pelvic muscles are

A

levator ani
obturator internus
iliopsoas
coccygeus
piriformis

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20
Q

(pubococcygeous and iliococcygeous)
hammock-like
form floor of pelvis

A

levator ani muscles

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21
Q

mark lateral pelvic sidewalls

A

obturator internus muscles

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22
Q

continuation of the abdominal psoas muscles

A

iliopsoas muscles

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23
Q

posterior to levator ani muscles

A

coccygeous muscles

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24
Q

most posterior muscle mistaken for the ovaries

A

piriformis muscles

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25
Q

uterovesical space

A

anterior cul de sac

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26
Q

rectouterine space

A

posterior cul de sac pouch of douglas

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27
Q

spaces all around the cervix

A

fornix

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28
Q

between anterior bladder and pubic bone

A

space of retzius

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29
Q

a girls first menstrual period (12-15) is called

A

menarche

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30
Q

a period occurs every

A

28 days

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31
Q

a period is regulated by the

A

hypothalamus, pituitary gland and ovaries

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32
Q

what does the hypothalamus do

A

regulates pituitary function

33
Q

what does the pituitary gland release

A

follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH)

34
Q

what does the ovary secrete

A

estrogen and progesterone

35
Q

follicles secrete ______.

A

estrogen

36
Q

the follicles that produce estrogen are getting ready for what

A

implantation so they will mature the endometrium

37
Q

1-14 days of cycle

A

follicular phase of ovarian cycle (proliferative phase)

38
Q

each follice contains a _____ that is surrounded by ________

A

egg/oocyte, cumulus oophorus

39
Q

when only one egg reaches maturity and ruptures it is called

A

dominant follicle or follicle of Graaf

40
Q

what does luteinizing hormone do

A

induces ovulation
luteal phase of ovarian cycle
14 days after LMP
mittelschmerz

41
Q

What is ovulation?

A

the expelling of the ovum or egg
cavity left is called corpus luteum
produces progesterone

42
Q

what does progesterone promote?

A

proliferation of the endometrium
secretory phase 15-28
preparation to receive conceptus (blastocytes)

43
Q

What happens during absence of fertilization?

A

corpus luteum regresses
disintegration of endometrial lining
sloughing/menstrual phase 1-5

44
Q

____ endometrium. occurs in woman taking the drug ____ to treat breast cancer.

A

tamoxifen, tamoxifen

45
Q

normal position of the uterus full bladder

A

anteverted

46
Q

bends anteriorly at the cervix

A

anteflexed

47
Q

tilted posteriorly

A

retroverted

48
Q

bends posteriorly at cervix

A

retroflexed

49
Q

painful menstruation

A

dysmenorrhea

50
Q

painful intercourse

A

dyspareunia

51
Q

muscles and ligaments of uterus are ineffective uterus descends along the axis of vagina

A

uterine prolapse

52
Q

what is used to help uterine prolapse

A

pessary devices

53
Q

anomalies that are present at birth are called

A

congenital pelvic anomalies

54
Q

mesonephric duct

A

wolffian -male

55
Q

paramesonephric duct

A

mullerian female

56
Q

absence of uterus above the vagina

A

uterine agenesis

57
Q

misplaced ovaries which are rare are called

A

ectopic ovaries

58
Q

ectopic ovaries are classified _____ adjacent to or ______ away from

A

accessory, supernumerary

59
Q

small, pear-shaped uterus that has to do with infertility

A

infantile uterus

60
Q

infantile uterus is associated with

A

turner syndrome

61
Q

most common malformation is called

A

bicornuate uterus

62
Q

malformations in the fusion of Mullerian ducts are called

A

uterine duplications

63
Q

the main cause of uterine duplications was the use of the drug_____

A

Diethylstilbestrol

64
Q

absence of a menstral period is called

A

amenorrhea

65
Q

hematocolpos

A

blood in vagina

66
Q

hematometra

A

blood in uterus

67
Q

hematometracolpos

A

blood in uterus and vagina

68
Q

hematosalpinx

A

blood in salpinge

69
Q

uterine growths, IUD, infections of pelvic organs leads to

A

AUB abnormal uterine bleeding

70
Q

abnormal bleeding found in the absence of demonstrable structural or organic pathology is called

A

dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB)

71
Q

abnormally heavy and prolonged menstrual period at
regular intervals

A

menorrhagia

72
Q

uterine bleeding at irregular intervals (between periods) /
“spotting”

A
  • metrorrhagia
73
Q

most common, located in the cervix
* due to obstructed mucosal glands

A

nabothian cysts

74
Q

located along the antiliteral walls of the vagina

A

Gartner duct cysts

75
Q

cyst located between endometrium and myometrium

A

myometrial cyst

76
Q

benign masses smooth muscle tumors influenced by estrogen AA population

A

uterine leiomyomas

77
Q

the location of fibroids can be

A

intramural or submucosal

78
Q

associated with uterine bleeding heavy menstral flow and mild cramps difficult to differentiate from submucosal fibroids

A

endometrial polyps

79
Q

what procedure can be used to look at and detect endometrial polyps better

A

saline infusion sonohysterogram

GYN 1&2 (2 decks)

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