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Clinical Neurology > Somatosensory system > Flashcards

Somatosensory system Flashcards

1
Q

In the general scheme of sensory nerves, the neuron whose axon decussates is the:

A. 1st order neuron
B. 2nd order neuron
C. 3rd order neuron
D. Granule cell in the cerebral cortex

A

B

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2
Q

Dorsal root ganglia and trigeminal ganglia neurons:

A. Have axons that cross the midline
B. Are pseudounipolar neurons
C. Are second order neurons
D. Are bipolar neurons

A

B

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3
Q

The medial lemniscus is seen:

A. Within the basis pontis interspersed among the pontocerebellar fibers

B. Beneath the 4th ventricle forming an eponymous colliculus

C. At the junction of the basis pontis and tegmentum dorsolaterally

D. Ventromedially seated atop the pyramids

A

C

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4
Q

This test may also assess the integrity of the dorsal column – medial lemniscal pathway:

A. Deep lingering pressure on the sternum
B. Briskly touching a wisp of cotton on the limbus of the cornea
C. Romberg test
D. Libarnes roll

A

C

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5
Q

The decussation of the spinothalamic tract is at:

A. The level of the spinal cord
B. 1-2 segments above the entry of the dorsal root ganglia fibers
C. 1-2 segments below the entry of the dorsal root ganglia fibers
D. AOTA

A

A

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6
Q

The decussation of the dorsal column – medial lemniscal pathway is at the level of:

A. The cervicomedullary junction
B. The 2nd cervical cord
C. 2 cord segments above or below the entry of the spinal nerve root
D. The rostral medulla

A

D

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7
Q

Patients are instructed to close their eyes when doing these examinations EXCEPT:

A. Testing for olfaction
B. Testing for hearing
C. Testing for cerebellar ataxia
D. Testing for pronator drift

A

C

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8
Q

Preferred stimulus to check for somatosensory pain

A. Clean needle
B. Pinching of skin by examiner
C. Fractured tongue depressor
D. Toothpick

A

C

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9
Q

TRUE regarding neurologic examination

A. If the left pupil is smaller than the right pupil, report this finding as left anisocoria

B. In testing for convergence, both eyes are expected to move medially and the pupil will dilate

C. For standardization, use the 4th toe for testing for position sense

D. AOTA

E. A & B only

A

C

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10
Q

Which of the following structures is NOT part of a sensory unit?

A. Dorsal horn neuron
B. Neuron in the dorsal root ganglion
C. Afferent nerve fiber
D. Receptors in the peripheral terminals

A

A

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11
Q

Which of the following statements about generator or receptor potentials is true?

A. They are depolarizing potentials
B. They are graded potentials
C. They are ligand gated
D. They are propagated potentials

A

B

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12
Q

Which of the following statements about generator or receptor potentials is true?

A. They are depolarizing potentials
B. They are graded potentials
C. They are ligand gated
D. They are propagated potentials

A

C

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13
Q

What transmitters are predominantly secreted by somatic nociceptive afferent fibers?

A. Serotonin and CGRP
B. CGRP and histamine
C. Substance P and glutamate
D. Bradykinin and substance P

A

C

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14
Q

Unlike somatic pain, visceral pain is perceived to be diffuse and poorly localized because:

A. There are more C afferent pain fibers than A delta fibers

B. There is significant overlapping of visceral sensory receptive fields

C. Afferent pain fibers from the visceral organs are poorly represented in the cortex

D. AOTA

A

D

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15
Q

The intensity of a given sensation is related to all of the following EXCEPT:

A. Amplitude of the action potential
B. Frequency of the action potential
C. Number of receptors activated
D. Variation in the activity of a given receptor

A

D

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16
Q

Which of the following receptors are being tested in the vibratory sense examination?

A. Pacinian corpuscles
B. Ruffini endings
C. Meissner’s corpuscles
D. Free nerve endings

A

A

17
Q

Which of the following neural pathways give rise to more precise information about modality, intensity and localization of the sensation?

A. Spinothalamic
B. Propriospinal
C. Spinal mesencephalic
D. Spinal reticular

A

B

18
Q

In stereognosis, the receptors that contribute to the perception of shape are the

A. Pacinian corpuscles
B. Ruffini endings
C. Meissner’s corpuscles
D. Free nerve endings

A

C

19
Q

Which of the following statements is true of visceral pain?

A. It is rapidly adapting
B. It generally tends to be sharp
C. It resembles the 2nd slow pain of somatic pain
D. It is primarily mediated by A-delta fibers

A

C

20
Q

A vague aching pain along the inguinal area may be a referred pain from

A. Stones in the ureter
B. A spinal cord irritation at L1 level
C. Either of the above

A

C

21
Q

What do the golgi tendon organs regulate?

A. Muscle length
B. Muscle tension
C. Velocity of muscle contraction
D. All of the above

A

B

22
Q

Stretching the muscle spindles will produce an increased firing of which neural structures?

A. IA fibers
B. Alpha motor neurons of the synergistic muscles
C. Inhibitory interneuron to the antagonistic alpha motor neurons
D. All of the above

A

D

23
Q

If you are to synthesize a drug that inhibits pain, what type would it be?

A. A drug that inhibits voltage-gated Ca++channels at the presynaptic neurons
B. A drug that inhibits μ receptors
C. A drug that enhances the reuptake of noradrenaline into the presynaptic terminals
D. A drug that enhances the activity of Substance P

A

C

24
Q

Proprioception is a function of which sensory end organ?

A. Utricle
B. Cochlea
C. Saccule
D. None of the above

A

D

25
Q

Inertia plays an important role in the mechanical stimulation of which structure?

A. Macula
B. Cupula
C. Ampulla
D. Tympanic Membrane

A

B

26
Q

Inhibitory signals to the Organ of Corti come from which structure?

A. Lateral lemniscus
B. Primary auditory center
C. Superior olivary complex
D. Inferior colliculus

A

C

27
Q

The site of decussation of the light touch pathway is within the

a. Midbrain
b. Pons
c. Medulla
d. Cervical cord

A

C

28
Q

In the laminar arrangement of fibers of the spinothalamic tract, the fibers from the lower body are found

A. Most medially
B. Most laterally
C. Dorsally
D. Ventrally

A

B

29
Q

Analogous to the posterior column nuclei of the medulla

A. Trigeminal motor nucleus
B. Mesencephalic nucleus
C. Main sensory nucleus
D. Spinal nucleus

A

A

30
Q

Which is not a pain-sensitive structure in the cranium?

A. Frontal lobe
B. Superior sagittal sinus
C. Meninges
D. Dura mater

A

A

Clinical Neurology (10 decks)

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