solutions xxxxx;-;-;-; Flashcards by Andrei Guina

Q

homogenous mixture made up of atoms, ions, or molecules

A

solutions

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Q

dissolved medium

A

solute

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Q

dissolving medium

A

solvent

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Q

two phases of solutions

A

solute, solvent

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Q

solutions in which water is the solvent

A

aqueous solutions

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Q

some properties of solutions

A

-concentration can be changed
-particles are evenly distributed
-aqueous solutions are transparent
-components do not chemically react with each other

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Q

types of solutions

A

concentrated, dilute

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Q

lots of solute in a small amount of solvent

A

concentrated

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Q

small amount of solute in a large amount of solvent

A

dilute

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Q

formation of solutions

A

ionic, polar, nonpolar

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Q

amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specified temperature to produce a saturated solution

A

solubility

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Q

more solute dissolves

A

unsaturated solution

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Q

no more solute dissolves

A

saturated solution

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Q

becomes unstable, crystals form

A

supersaturated solution

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Q

the minimum amount of solute present in a given amount of solvent at room temperature

A

unsaturated solutio

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Q

the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at room temperature

A

saturated solution

Q

the maximum amount of solute present in a given amount of solvent at an elevated temperature

A

supersaturated solution

Q

types of solutes according to the amount of solute that dissolved in a given amount of solvent

A

insoluble, slightly soluble, soluble

Q

less than or equal to 0.1g of solute

A

insoluble

Q

greater than 0.1g but less than 10.0g

A

slightly soluble

Q

greater than or equal to 10.0g

A

soluble

Q

factors affecting solubility

A

effect of temperature, effect of pressure, surface area, stirring

Q

solubility increases with a decrease in temperature, and decreases with an increase in temperature

A

gas in liquid

Q

solubility increases with an increase in temperature

A

endothermic reactions

Solubility decreases with an increase in temperature

exothermic reactions

as pressure increases, the solubility of gas in liquid increases; solubility of solids in liquids is not affected

effect of pressure

the greater the surface area, the greater the interaction between solute and solvent

surface area

increases solubility of solids in liquids

stirring

ways of expressing concentration

mass percent, volume percent, mole fraction, density, molarity, molality