intermolecular forces

Question 1

movement of solid

Answer 1

held by very strong forces because of attraction

particles are not free to move

particles vibrate about in fixed positions

Question 2

density, diffusibility, compressibility, volume and shape, and thermal expansibility of solid

Answer 2

-very high
-extremely slow
-slightly compressible
-has fixed volume and shape
-expands slightly when heated

Question 3

movement of liquid

Answer 3

held by strong forces of attraction

particles are able to slide past one another

Question 4

density, diffusibility, compressibility, volume and shape, and thermal expansibility of liquid

Answer 4

-high
-slow
-slightly compressible
-assumes the shape of the container it occupies
-has fixed volume
-expands slightly when heated

Question 5

because in the solid and liquid states particles are closer together, we refer to them as what?

Answer 5

condensed phases

Question 6

total disorder, much empty space; particles have complete freedom of motion, particles are far apart

Answer 6

gas

Question 7

disorder, particles or clusters of particles are free to move relative to each other, particles are close together

Answer 7

liquid

Question 8

ordered arrangement, particles are essentially in fixed positions, particles are close together

Answer 8

crystalline solid

Question 9

Attractive force between molecules, responsible for keeping matter in solid or liquid phase

Answer 9

intermolecular attraction

Question 10

force which keeps molecules together

Answer 10

intramolecular attraction

Question 11

bonding electrons shared equally between two atoms. no charges on atoms

Answer 11

nonpolar covalent bond

Question 12

bonding electrons shared unequally between two atoms. partial charges on atoms

Answer 12

polar covalent bond

Question 13

Result from the formation of temporary dipoles, as illustrated here for two nonpolar diatomic molecules

Answer 13

london dispersion forces

Question 14

the tendency of an electron cloud to distort

Answer 14

polarizability

Question 15

molecules that have permanent dipoles are attracted to each other. molecules are close to each other

Answer 15

dipole-dipole interactions

Question 16

when H is bonded to NOF.

Answer 16

hydrogen bonding

Question 17

important force in solutions of ions. the strength of these forces are what make it possible for ionic substances to dissolve in polar solvents

Answer 17

ion-dipole

Question 18

results from the net inward force experienced by the molecules on the surface of a liquid

Answer 18

surface tension

Question 19

resistance of a liquid to flow. it is related to the ease with which molecules can move past each other. increases with stronger intermolecular forces and decreases with higher temperature

Answer 19

viscosity

Question 20

an attraction between unlike molecules.

Answer 20

adhesion

Question 21

intermolecular attraction between like molecules

Answer 21

cohesion

Question 22

broader term that includes evaporation and also boiling.

Answer 22

vaporization

Question 23

gaseous state of a substance which is normally a liquid or solid at room temperature

Answer 23

vapor

Question 24

substances that evaporate readily. examples are alcohol, gasoline, paint thinner, and dry cleaning solvents

Answer 24

volatile substances

Question 25

at any temperature, some molecules in a liquid have enough energy to escape. as the temperature rises, some molecules that have enough energy to escape increases

Answer 25

vapor pressure

Question 26

temperature at which its vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure

Answer 26

boiling point

Question 27

normal boiling point

Answer 27

760 torr

Question 28

the more polar the molecule, the higher is its what

Answer 28

boiling point