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Year 7 Science > Solutions test > Flashcards

Solutions test Flashcards

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1
Q

What is energy (definition)?

A

Energy is a measure of an object’s motion or it’s potential to move if released.

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2
Q

List the 10 types of energy

A
  1. Heat/thermal
  2. Light
  3. Sound
  4. Kinetics
  5. Gravitational potential
  6. Electrical
  7. Chemical
  8. Elastic potential
  9. Nuclear
  10. Magnetic
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3
Q

What is the first rule of ‘energy’
(1st rule of thermodynamics)?

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be transferred from one type to another.

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4
Q

Why does sugar disappear when you stir it in tea?

A

Because the tea is hot and the heat energy is dissolving it.

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5
Q

Explain what is meant by the word solution

A

A solution is a liquid with something (a compound) dissolved in it.

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6
Q

What is the liquid that something is dissolved into called?

A

A solvent

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7
Q

What is the substance that is dissolved in a liquid called?

A

A solute is the compound/substance that dissolves in a liquid/ solvent.

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8
Q

What is a substance that won’t dissolve in water called?

A

Insoluble

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9
Q

The substance dissolved in a solvent to form a solution is called…

A

A solute

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10
Q

What is a solution that contains only one type of substance called?

A

Pure

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11
Q

What is a substance that can dissolve in water called?

A

Soluble

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12
Q

What is it called when a liquid turns into a gas?

A

Evaporation

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13
Q

A solution that contains more than one type of substance is called…

A

Impure

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14
Q

Give an example of an insoluble substance

A

Sand

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15
Q

What is the Law of Conservation Of Mass?

A

When a solute dissolves in water, the crystals do not disappear, they are still there mixed with the water molecules.
No particles are lost and no new particles are added.

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16
Q

What is the chemical name for salt?

A

Sodium Chloride

17
Q

What is the Chemical formula for salt?

A

NaCl

18
Q

What chemicals are used to make salt?

A

Sodium and chlorine

19
Q

What is a chemical use for chlorine?

A

It is used to clean water

20
Q

Name a method of obtaining salt from seawater

A

The evaporation method

21
Q

What is rock salt

A

Rock salt is a natural mixture of salt and insoluble materials like clay and sand

22
Q

Explain how rock salt can be purified

A

Rock salt can be purified by separating out the insoluble substances. This can be done by dissolving the rock salt in water and filtering this mixture using filter paper. The filtered solution can then be evaporated, leaving the crystallised salt.

23
Q

What is the difference between rock salt and solution mining

A
  1. The salt from solution mining is much purer.
  2. Rock salt is coloured.
24
Q

Give three advantages of solution mining

A
  1. Less impure salt.
  2. No clay, sand or grit in the salt crystals.
  3. Cheaper and quicker to separate the salt from water.
25
Q

Give two disadvantages of solution mining

A
  1. Ground collapse.
  2. Salt leakage into the ground water.
26
Q

What is the process where solid salt begins to leave a solution?

A

The process where solid salt begins to leave a solution is called crystallisation.

27
Q

What is it called when a solution is unable to dissolve a solid any further

A

Saturated

28
Q

What is the standard unit of solubility?

A

Grams (g) of solute per 100 grams of water

29
Q

What does solubility mean

A

It is the maximum mass of a solid that will dissolve fully

30
Q

What is a useful way to show the solubility of a solute in a solvent?

A

A solubility curve

31
Q

What does a solubility curve tell you about a solute?

A

A solubility curve will tell you the solubility of a solute at any given temperature.

32
Q

What is chromatography used for?

A

It is used to separate mixtures of chemicals, for example dyes or inks or food colouring.

33
Q

How many changes of state are there in distillation? And what are they?

A

2 states:

  1. Evaporation (liquid is evaporated by heating) and then
  2. Condensation ( the cooled vapour is condensed back into a liquid
34
Q

What is interesting about mixtures of liquids that have different boiling points?

A

You can separate liquids with different boiling points using distillation.

Year 7 Science (5 decks)

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