Solutions test Flashcards
What is energy (definition)?
Energy is a measure of an object’s motion or it’s potential to move if released.
List the 10 types of energy
- Heat/thermal
- Light
- Sound
- Kinetics
- Gravitational potential
- Electrical
- Chemical
- Elastic potential
- Nuclear
- Magnetic
What is the first rule of ‘energy’
(1st rule of thermodynamics)?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be transferred from one type to another.
Why does sugar disappear when you stir it in tea?
Because the tea is hot and the heat energy is dissolving it.
Explain what is meant by the word solution
A solution is a liquid with something (a compound) dissolved in it.
What is the liquid that something is dissolved into called?
A solvent
What is the substance that is dissolved in a liquid called?
A solute is the compound/substance that dissolves in a liquid/ solvent.
What is a substance that won’t dissolve in water called?
Insoluble
The substance dissolved in a solvent to form a solution is called…
A solute
What is a solution that contains only one type of substance called?
Pure
What is a substance that can dissolve in water called?
Soluble
What is it called when a liquid turns into a gas?
Evaporation
A solution that contains more than one type of substance is called…
Impure
Give an example of an insoluble substance
Sand
What is the Law of Conservation Of Mass?
When a solute dissolves in water, the crystals do not disappear, they are still there mixed with the water molecules.
No particles are lost and no new particles are added.
What is the chemical name for salt?
Sodium Chloride
What is the Chemical formula for salt?
NaCl
What chemicals are used to make salt?
Sodium and chlorine
What is a chemical use for chlorine?
It is used to clean water
Name a method of obtaining salt from seawater
The evaporation method
What is rock salt
Rock salt is a natural mixture of salt and insoluble materials like clay and sand
Explain how rock salt can be purified
Rock salt can be purified by separating out the insoluble substances. This can be done by dissolving the rock salt in water and filtering this mixture using filter paper. The filtered solution can then be evaporated, leaving the crystallised salt.
What is the difference between rock salt and solution mining
- The salt from solution mining is much purer.
- Rock salt is coloured.
Give three advantages of solution mining
- Less impure salt.
- No clay, sand or grit in the salt crystals.
- Cheaper and quicker to separate the salt from water.
