Solutions in Equilibria Flashcards
An equilibrium exists between what two things?
A solute and solvent
What is dissociation
When ionic solids dissociate into the ions they contain.
What is precipitation reaction
Once the ions dissociate and are free in solution, they can collide with one another, causing them to reform into solids.
What is equilibrium
When the rate the ions dissolve is equal to the rate at which ions precipitate.
At equilibrium is the solution saturated, unsaturated, or supersaturated
Saturated
-contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve under certain conditions
What type of molecule doesn’t dissociate but dissolves
Covalently bonded compounds
ex) C12H22O11(s)(double arrow) C12H22O11(aq)
State the difference between saturated, unsaturated, and supersaturated
Saturated: the maximum amount of solute is dissolved
Unsaturated: Below the line, more solute can dissolve
Supersaturated: Above the line, more than the usual amount of solute dissolved, a precipitate is formed
The larger the Ksp the (greater/smaller) is the solubility of the salt?
Greater
What are the Q-Ksp ratios
Q<Ksp>Ksp Excess of ions and a precipitate will form</Ksp>
What does adding a common ion do to solubility
Reduces solubility
