Solutions and Transport

Question 1

the liquid doing the dissolving (usually water)

Answer 1

Solvent

Question 2

The dissolved material (particles or gas)

Answer 2

Solute

Question 3

Amount of solute in a given amount of solvent

Answer 3

Concentration

Question 4

Difference in concentration between 2 areas of solution

Answer 4

Concentration gradient

Question 5

2 Types of Cell Transport

Answer 5

Passive and Active Transport

Question 6

2 Types of Passive Transport

Answer 6

• Diffusion
• Osmosis

Question 7

2 Types of Diffusion

Answer 7

Simple and Facilitated

Question 8

2 Types of Active Transport

Answer 8

• Endocytosis
• Exocytosis

Question 9

What is the Main Principle of Cell Transport?

Answer 9

the process by which molecules spread from areas
of “high concentration, to areas of low concentration”

High -> Low Concentration

Question 10

is the process by which molecules, atoms, or ions diffuse through a semipermeable membrane down their concentration gradient without the assistance of transporter proteins.

Answer 10

Simple Diffusion

Question 11

When the molecules are even throughout a space - it is called

Answer 11

equilibrium

Question 12

• is the passage of molecules or ions across a biological membrane through specific transport proteins and requires no energy input
• Requires a carrier in membrane but not ATP
• Solute goes down concentration gradient
• Maximum transport speed depends on number of carrier

Answer 12

Facilitated Diffusion

Question 13

True or False:

Insulin increases number of carriers for glucose in plasma membrane?

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Diffusion of water across selectively permeable membrane:
* Permeable to solvent
* Impermeable to solute

Answer 14

Osmosis

Question 15

3 Types of solutions surrounding human RBCs

Answer 15

• Isotonic Solution
• Hypotonic Solution
• Hypertonic Solution

Question 16

The solution outside RBC has same concentration of solute as RBC: 0.9% NaCl

Answer 16

Isotonic

Question 17

The solution outside of RBC has lower concentration: 0% NaCl → hemolysis

Answer 17

Hypotonic

Question 18

The solution outside of RBC has higher concentration: 4% NaCl → crenation

Answer 18

Hypertonic

Question 19

• Requires a carrier (called a pump) and energy (ATP)
• Can transport up a concentration gradient from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration
• Critical for moving important ions
• Major active transport in most cells is (Na+ /K+ ) pump
• Reabsorption of glucose, amino acids and salts by the proximal convoluted tubule of the nephron in the kidney

Answer 19

Active Transport

Question 20

● Taking “in” large molecules by the cell
● importing materials into cell
● Phagocytosis = “phood”, taking in food particles
● Pinocytosis = liquid substances

Answer 20

Endocytosis

Question 21

● Removing large particles (waste) from the cell
● Exporting materials out of the cell

Answer 21

Exocytosis