Solutions and their uses

Question 1

D5W (5% Dextrose in Water)

Answer 1

• Should not be using in excessive amts; does not contain sodium.
• Used for Brain Swelling, Hyponatremic encephalopathy.

Question 2

NS (0.9% NaCl, Normal Saline)

Answer 2

• Not desirable as routine maintenance solution b/c it provides only Na and Cl in excessive amts.
• Temporarily expands the extracellular compartment if circulation is an issue.
• Used to treat diabetic ketoacidosis.

Question 3

LR (Lactated Ringer’s Solution)

Answer 3

• contains multiple electrolytes in same concent. as plasma.

- treatment for hypovolemia, burns, fluid lost in bile or diarrhea, mild metabolic acidosis.

Question 4

1/2 Strength Normal Saline (0.45% NaCl)

Answer 4

Used to treat hypernatremia

Question 5

1/3 Strength Normal Saline (0.33% NaCl)

Answer 5

• Provides Na, Cl and free water; allows kidneys to select and retain needed amts
• Used for kidney failure

Question 6

5% Dextrose in 1/2 NS

Answer 6

-used to treat hypovolemia and maintain fluid intake

Question 7

D10W (10% Dextrose in Water)

Answer 7

-Used for peripheral parenteral nutrition

Question 8

5% Dextrose in 0.9% NaCl

Answer 8

• replaces nutrients and electrolytes

- can temporarily be used to treat hypovolemia

Question 9

Albumin or Dextran

Answer 9

• manipulates fluid shift among compartments

- must use with EXTREME CAUTION due to risk of CHF and Pulmonary Edema

Question 10

Lipid Emulsion

Answer 10

-Essential fatty acids and typically supply additional calories