Solutions Flashcards
What does it mean that a solution is saturated?
max amount of solute is dissolved in the solvent
solute
the lesser thing, the stuff being dissolved
solution
a mixture of 2 or more things
solvent
the more thing, the thing that does the dissolving
how to solve molarity
moles of solute/liters of solutions
polar molecule
positive and negative side
nonpolar molecule
doesn’t have a positive and negative side
why won’t oil and water mix
water is polar and oil is nonpolar
why do soap and water mix
soap is both polar and nonpolar, so water can find one side to like/mix with
model of solvent dissolving a solute
look it up
Why does heating a substance increase the amount it can dissolve?
it causes the molecules of the solvent to move faster
What is a mole?
Why do we use them in chemistry?
unit of measurement that represents a specific, large amount of particles (molecules/atoms)
to measure the amount of substance since atoms and molecules are very small and we can’t count them individually
4 intermolecular forces
dispersion, dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonding, ion-dipole
What do intermolecular forces affect?
the physical properties of a substance
Why is boiling point affected by Intermolecular forces?
the strength of these forces determines how much energy is needed to separate molecules from each other and transition them from liquid to gas state
Why do ionic compounds tend to have a much higher boiling and melting point than covalent compound?
the ionic compounds are formed by the strong intermolecular attraction between the ions, which requires a large amount of energy to break the attraction force
What would happen to a solid substance if we lowered the intermolecular forces?
it would become more likely to melt or transition into a liquid phase
