Solo Eval Flashcards
Engine failure during takeoff roll
IMMEDIATELY CLOSE THROTTLE, STOP STRAIGHT AHEAD & AVOID OBSTACLES
If not enough runway remains to stop: MIXTURE ………………………………………………………………………………………………CUTOFF FUEL SHUTOFF VALVE………………………………………………………….PULL OUT / OFF BATTERY MASTER SWITCH ……………………………………………………………………….OFF IGNITION SWITCH………………………………………………………………………………………OFF AVOID OBSTACLES
Who has the right of way over all other aircraft?
An aircraft in distress
Who has the right of way when aircraft of different category converge?
Think: BIG "R" (BGAAR) Balloons Gliders Airship Airplanes Rotor-craft An aircraft towing or refueling other aircraft has the right-of-way over all other engine-driven aircraft
Spin awareness
All spins begin with a stall. Watch for stall speed in clean configuration Vs 48 and Vso landing configuration which is 40
Inadvertent spins:
Stretching your glide. pitching too high up and being uncoordinated when gliding to land in an engine failure situation,
On takeoff- sudden pitch up movement and left turning tendency causes spin
Going around: when configured to land and you decide to go around, add full throttle without right rudder. Left tuning tendency can cause a spin
Overshooting base to final- using rudder and pulling the to steer airplane and side of airplane moves
What is a METAR and a TAF?
METAR means: Meteorological Aerodome Reports - current weather at an airport issued every hour
TAF means: Terminal Aerodome Forecast - expected meteorological conditions within a 5 sm radius of the center of the airports runway. Scheduled 4x a day
What causes weather
The sun causes all weather - unequal heat in of the earths surface
What causes lift
Newton’s third law: for every action there’s an equal and opposite reaction. as air flows around the wing the air gets deflected downward, as a result the wind will lift the wing up
Bernoulli’s principle: the speed of a fluid (air, in this case) determines the amount of pressure that a fluid can exert. As the wing moves through the air, the flow of air across the curved top surface increases in velocity creating a low-pressure area. The air beneath the wing is higher pressure and higher pressure. Since high pressure always moves toward low pressure, the air below the wing pushes upward toward the air above the wing.
Airmet and sigmet
These are both under the category of in flight aviation weather advisories. Avoid SIGMETs at all costs and think twice about flying in an AIRMET. Both affect areas of at least 3000 square miles
Airmet: advises of weather potentially hazardous to all aircraft but that does not meet SIGMET criteria.
Sigmet: They are classified as either “convective” or “non-convective.” The non-convective SIGMETs are for severe or greater turbulence or dust/ash. Convective SIGMETs are for thunderstorms, tornadoes hail greater than 3/4 inches
What is a spin
An uncoordinated stall
Four strokes of a cylinder
Intake, compression, power, exhaust
Which instruments are going to be powered by the vacuum
Heading indicator and attitude indicator
Engine failure during flight
A, B, C, D, E and: say the words “declaring emergency, 2 souls on board”
RADIO & ELECTRICAL SWITCHES ……………………….OFF
MIXTURE …………………………………………………………CUTOFF
FUEL SHUTOFF VALVE…………………….PULL OUT / OFF
IGNITION SWITCH…………………………………………………OFF
FLAPS………………………………………(30˚ Recommended) AS REQ
MASTER SWITCH…………………………………………………..OFF
DOORS……………………………….. (Prior to touchdown) UNLATCH
BRAKES……………………………………………….APPLY HEAVILY
Cabin Fire
MASTER SWITCH…………………………………………………..OFF
VENTS, CABIN HEAT & AIR…………………………….CLOSED
FIRE EXTINGUISHER ……………………………………ACTIVATE
WHEN FIRE IS OUT
CABIN………………………………………………………….VENTILATE
LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE
What happens if pitot tube becomes clogged
If the front part becomes clogged then the airspeed reads zero if the back (Drain) becomes clogged it freezes and could act as an altimeter
What are the wind, visibility and ceiling requirements to solo?
Max 10 knot wind 5knot crosswind, 3 miles visibility and 2,000 foot ceiling
Describe aspects of collision avoidance
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has several significant programs designed to reduce the potential for midair collisions and NMACs one of those is “see and avoid” which states that each person operating an aircraft shall maintain vigilance so as to see and avoid other aircraft
In order to be most effective, the pilot should shift glances and refocus at intervals. movement should not exceed 10 degrees, and each area should be observed for at least 1 second to enable detection
During night you can avoid collision by looking approximately 10 degrees below, above, or to either side of an object, “off center” viewing can compensate for this night blind spot
Magneto check yields drop of more than 150 rpm or a difference of more than 50 between the two
Go to “cleaning fouled spark plugs” checklist
Engine failure immediately after takeoff:
AIRSPEED……………………LOWER NOSE & ESTABLISH PITCH FOR BEST GLIDE FLAPS……………………………………………………………………………………….AS NECESSARY POWER……………………………………………………………………………………….AS AVAILABLE TIME PERMITTING……………………………………………….DECLARE AN EMERGENCY FUEL SHUTOFF VALVE………………………………………………………….PULL OUT / OFF MIXTURE ……………………………………………………………………………………..IDLE CUTOFF IGNITION…………………………………………………………………………………………………..OFF BATTERY MASTER ………………………………………………………………………………………OFF
Who has the right of way when aircraft of the same category are converging at approximately the same altitude
The aircraft on the right
Go Around check list
THROTTLE……………………………………………………………………………….. FULL
FLAPS……………………………………………………………..(If > 20°) RETRACT 20°
PITCH…………………………………………………………………………….BEST CLIMB
FLAPS………………………………………………………….(> 55 KIAS) RETRACT 10°
AIRSPEED…………………………………………………………………. VY/ VX/ AS REQ
AT SAFE ALTITUDE & > 65 KIAS
FLAPS………………………………………………………………………………………….UP
Define side slip
align the airplane’s heading with the centerline of the runway, note the rate and direction of drift, and promptly apply drift correction by lowering the upwind wing. When the wing is lowered, the airplane tends to turn in that direction. To
compensate for the turn, it is necessary to simultaneously apply sufficient opposite rudder pressure to keep the airplane’s longitudinal axis
Stall and spin recovery:
Power off stall recovery:
1) Simultaneously reduce AOA, Max Power, level wings
2) Retract flaps 20 degrees immediately
3) Retract flaps 10 degrees when airspeed is greater than 55 kias
4) increase pitch to arrest descent
5) Establish Vy or Vx
6) Retract flaps to zero when accelerating through vx
Power on stall recovery: simultaneously reduce AOA, max power and level wings
Spin recovery:
1) Close Throttle
2) Ailerons neutral
3) Rudder opposite spin
4) Elevator forward
5) recover from spin
6) remove rudder correction
7) Full power when straight and level
What causes a stall?
An aircraft stall results from a rapid decrease in lift caused by the separation of airflow from the wing’s surface brought on by exceeding the critical AOA. A stall can occur at any pitch attitude or airspeed
