Solids Liquids & Gases

Question 1

What are the 3 states of matter?

Answer 1

Solid
Liquid
Gas

Question 2

What are all materials made up of?

Answer 2

Tiny particles

Question 3

What does each state of matter depend on?

Answer 3

How strongly the particles stick together

Question 4

What affects how well particles stick together?

Answer 4

Material
Temperature
Pressure

Question 5

How do we recognise what is solid liquid or gas?

Answer 5

Their properties or behaviour

Question 6

What properties do you know?

Answer 6

Volume
Shape
Density
Compressibility
Flow?

Question 7

What are the properties of SOLIDS?

Answer 7

Volume - Fixed volume
Shape - fixed shape
Density - High density
Compressibility - cant compress or squash them
Flow? - dont flow

Question 8

What are the properties of LIQUIDS?

Answer 8

Volume - definite / fixed volume
Shape - match shape of container, fill the bottom of it
Density - medium density
Compressibility - not easy to compress or squash them
Flow? - easy flow

Question 9

What are the properties of GASES?

Answer 9

Volume - NO fixed volume
Shape - NO fixed shape, they fill a container
Density - Low density
Compressibility - easily compress or squash them
Flow? - easy flow / diffuse

Question 10

What stays the same in solids, liquids or gases?

What is different in each state?

Answer 10

Particles

The arrangement of particles and their energy are different

Question 11

What do particles do in a SOLID?

Answer 11

Strong forces of attraction between particles
Particles held close in fixed positions
Regular arrangement of particles
Tiny vibrations of each particle but no movement

Cant flow and have fixed shape and volume because so closely packed
High density because lots of particles in small vomue

Question 12

What do particles do in a LIQUID?

Answer 12

Some forces of attraction between particles
Particles held close but do move past each other
Constant movement of particles in all directions
Cant compress easily because particles packed quite close

Can flow and dont have fixed shape
Do have a fixed volume
Medium density because quite alot of particles in small vomue

Question 13

What do particles do in a GAS?

Answer 13

V weak forces of attraction between particles
Particles are far apart, moving quickly in all directions
No arrangement of particles, move to fill space
No fixed shape or volume
V low density because v few particles in large vomue

Question 14

What happens to particles when state of matter changes?

Eg from liquid to gas or solid to liquid?

Answer 14

The particles dont change

Just their arrangement OR their energy

Question 15

What is MELTING?

Answer 15

Solid to liquid AT a CERTAIN TEMPERATURE
ADD heat to a solid…
Particles move more and weaken the forces
The solid expands
Particles have enough energy to break free from fixed positions

Question 16

What is the opposite of MELTING?

Answer 16

FREEZING!

Question 17

What is BOILING?

Answer 17

LIQUID to GAS at certain TEMPERATURE
ADD heat to a liquid
Particles get more energy
Energy makes particles move more quickly and weaken the forces holding particles together
Particles have enough energy to break their bonds and liquid turns to gas

Question 18

What is opposite of BOILING?

Answer 18

CONDENSING!

Question 19

What is the RARE process of SOLID to GAS with heat?

Answer 19

SUBLIMING!

Question 20

What is Gas Pressure due to?

Answer 20

Particles hitting a surface

Question 21

What happens to particles if temperature increased?

Answer 21

Particles move faster
2 effects….Hit the walls harder and more often

Causes INCREASE in PRESSURE

Question 22

What happens if you REDUCE the VOLUME?

Answer 22

Increases the pressure
This is because….
Particles are squashed up in a smaller space and hit walls more often

Question 23

What is DIFFUSION?

Answer 23

Slow process
Like when smells slowly spreads through a room
Particles move away from where there are lots of them to everywhere else!
Bumping into air particles sends them off in different directions