Solids Flashcards
What is a solid?
Particles are very close together
Particles are held together by strong forces of attraction
Particles vibrate but have fixed positions
Solids have a definite shape and volume and are hard to compress
How many states of matter?
3
Solids
Liquids
Gases
What is a liquid?
Particles are close together
Particles are held together by forces of attraction
Particles move relative to each other
Liquids have a definite volume but NOT a definite shape and are hard to compress.
For example water
What is a gas?
Particles are far apart from each other
NO forces of attraction
Particles move relative to each other
Do not have a definite shape or volume and are easy to compress
Like a fart
Is there change of mass when changing from one state to another??
No
What state is a substance below its boiling point?
Solid
What state is a substance above its boiling point?
Gas
What state is a substance between its melting and boiling points?
Liquid
What is diffusion?
The movement of particles.
Gases diffuse quickly because particles move quickly in all directions
Think of perfume or farts
What is gas pressure?
Like a full ballon or tyre
If the gas is out in a container the particles crash into the walls.
The force of these collisions creates gas pressure
What happens to gas pressure if you heat the gas?
Increasing temperature gives the particles more energy so they crash harder and increase the pressure
What is expansion?
When a particles is heated it gains energy and moves more. The substance grows bigger (expands)
The particles themselves don’t get bigger but the spaces between them do
What happens to solids liquids and gases on heating?
They all expand gases the most, then liquids and then solids the least
What happens to a substance on cooling?
It gets smaller
