Solid Waste Management Flashcards

0
Q

Subtitle C

A

Defines and regulates hazardous waste

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1
Q

Regulation of solid waste

A

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulates solid waste

  • subtitle C
  • subtitle D
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2
Q

Subtitle D (95% of waste)

A

Addresses nonhazardous waste

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3
Q

Municipal solid waste

A

1) paper & paperboard: 34.2%
2) yard trimmings: 13.1%
3) food scraps: 11.9%
4) plastics: 11.8%

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4
Q

Integrated waste management

A
  • EPA recommends
  • components should be considered in a hierarchical sequence
    1) source reduction and reuse
    2) recycling, composting
    3) landfills
    4) incineration
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5
Q

Source reduction and reuse

A
  • reducing the amount or toxicity of products of materials before they become MSW (municipal solid waste)
  • reuse: e.g. Refilling water bottes, reusing envelopes
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6
Q

Composting

A

Biological decomposition of organic matter

  • E.g. Yard waste,food waste
  • Degraded matter can be used as a fertilizer
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7
Q

Landfills - federal standards

A

1) location restrictions: away from sensitive areas; faults, wetlands
2) composite liner requirements: overlaying 2ft of compacted clay soil, lining bottom & sides
3) leachate collection & removal
4) operating practices: compacting & covering the waste frequently
5) groundwater monitoring requirements: testing groundwater wells for contamination
6) closure and post closure care requirements
7) financial assurance (LTC)

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8
Q

Basic landfill operation

A
  • waste compacted into cells
  • the cells are covered periodically with soil
  • when an area is filled with cells, lifts (other layers) can be added on top
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9
Q

Landfill gas (LFG)

A

~50% CH4

~50% CO2

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10
Q

Incineration benefits

A

1) immediate reduction in volume
2) less land required
3) potential to recover energy

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11
Q

Incineration disadvantages

A

1) recovered ash has to be managed
2) air pollution potential
3) public perception

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