Solid Dosage Form Lecture Flashcards
Define lozenges
Flavored medicated dosage forms intended to be sucked and held in the mouth or pharynx, contain one or two medications usually in a flavored sweetened base, intended for treatment of local irritation of the mouth or throat
Advantages of lozenges
- Easy to administer to pediatric and geriatric patients
- Keeping the drug in contact with the oral cavity an extended period of time
- Formulas are easy to make and could be patient specific
What are the three types of lozenges?
Hard
Soft
Gummy
Disadvantage to the gummy-type lozenges?
Children may perceive it as candy and not a serious dosage form
Local vs systemic effects of lozenges?
Usually: localized
Systemic, if the drug is well absorbed through the buccal lining or is swallowed
Drugs that are often made into lozenges include?
Benzocaine Analgesics Anesthetics Antiseptics Antimicrobials Antitussives Antinausants Decongestants
What are hard lozenges made of?
Mixture of sucrose and other sugar and/or carbs in amorphous state
What are hard lozenges prepared from?
Aqueous syrup, by heating sugars and other ingredients together and then pouring into a mold
What may not be suitable to incorporate into hard lozenges?
Heat unstable drugs
Hard lozenges do not disintegrate, they ?
Erode or dissolve over a 5-10 minute period
What else may hard lozenges be considered?
Solid syrups of sugars
What is the process of compounding hard lozenges?
High temperature is required for formulation (not suitable for therm-labile drugs)
Moisture content –> if not in right proportions could become sticky
55-65% sucrose and 35-45% corn syrup
pH around 5 to 6
Define soft lozenges?
Chewed and allowed to disintegrate slowly in the mouth
Made of what type of bases?
Fatty base chocolate (chocolate melted with veggie oil)
PEG base
Sugar-acacia base ( powdered sugar held together by an acacia mucilage)
What does acacia do?
Add texture and smoothness
