Solar sytem, Earth, Moon Flashcards
Name planets of solar system
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neprune
Characterize terrestrial planets and give examples
made of rocky materials, solid surface, don’t have a ring - Mercury, Venus, Earth< Mars
Characterize non-terrestrial planets and give examples
massiveness, gaseous composition - Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus
What are Eris, Pluto, Haumeas, Makemake, Ceres?
dwarf planets
What is the real shape of the Earth?
Geoid
Name some proofs showing the spherical shape of the Earth and define one of your choice
gravity, magnetism, the position of stars changes, a ship on the water
Name components of first atmosphere on the Earth. Was it suitable for life?
hydrogen and
helium, toxic for life
Write everything that you know about second atmosphere
result of outgassing from wide spread volcanic activity,
Consist of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, methane, amonia, water vapour
Describe the Earth as the planet of the Solar system
3rd planet, terrestrial planet - solid surface, no ring, contains life
Define revolution of the Earth around the Sun. How long does it take?
The Earth orbits around the Sun, Earths orbit = elliptical shape , 365,24 days
What is Perihelion?
point where Earth is the closest to the Sun (3rd January)
What is Aphelion?
point where Earth is the furthest from the Sun ( 4th July)
Name and describe the four characteristic positions of the Earth.
Summer solstice - longest day, shortest night
Winter solstice - shortest day, longest night
Spring equinox, Autumn equinox - the length of day and night are the same
What are the consequences of the motion of the Earth?
time zones, a stellar day, sea level rises and falls
Define rotation of Earth on its axis
Earth rotates around an imaginary line that goes through both poles, rotates from W to E
What are time zones? How are they set?
zones on the terrestrial globe
one time zone = one local time
one turn 360 = one time zone 15 = 24 time zones
What is the International Date Line
180 meridian in the Pacific ocean
How can be time determined according to the time zones?
from the Greenwich meantime, to W = -1h, to E = add 1h
What is natural satellite?
smaller body which moves around a larger body
Describe the Moon´s surface
dusty and barren, has craters, high mountains
How long does take one revolution of the Moon around the Earth?
28 days
How long does take one rotation of the Moon on its axis?
28 days
Name moon phases in correct order.
New, waxing crescent, 1. quarter, waxing gibbous, Full, waning gibbous, last quarter, waning crescent, New
Define new moon and full moon
New moon - moon is not visible
Full moon - the disc of the Moon is visible
Define spring tides
The Moon in at the full or new phase
Define neap tides
occur around the 1. and last quarter phase of the Moon
