Soils Test 1 Flashcards
What is a macronutrient?
Nutrients needed in large quantities
Name roles or services that soils provide?
Recycling of nutrients and waste
Purification of water
Name macronutrients (2)
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
How can soil influence climate? (2)
Carbon sequestration
Evaporation
Difference between soil and soils?
Soil only has four components
Soils are soil + everything else
Describe the formation of soil
Rock is broken down into regolith, regolith is further broken down and eventually will become soil.
Soil profile?
A vertical section of the soil
Surface to regolith
3 primary soil horizons?
A,B,C
Why is the soil near bedrock less developed than near the surface?
Less weathering, chemical reactions, and less activity
Define soil texture
Relative quantities of sand silt and clay
Soil classification of clay?
.002 or smaller
Soil texture can provide?
WHC
Soil structure?
Arrangement of particles
Nutrients move through?
Mass flow
Root interception- direct contact
How does nutrient enter the plant through diffusion?
Areas of high concentration to low concentration
Name nutrient that enters plant by diffusion?
Zinc
Rock types?
Igneous
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
Agents of physical weathering
Erosion
Temp change
How does parent material influence soil?
Acidity of the soil
Nutrient capacity
Parent material classified?
By its Origen
Another origin of parent material?
Volcanoes
Effective precipitation?
Rain that reaches the regolith
Temps tyre effects soil formation by?
Effecting chemical reaction rate
Animals role in soil formation?
Moles
Add om after dead
Change in vegetation
O- likens, algie
A and c- grasses
B- shrubs
E- trees
Processes effecting soil formation
Transformation- chemical reactions
Translocation- movement within
A horizon?
E horizon ?
A- top soil. High om, generally dark in color
E-low in clay and nutrients things flow out
Created soils indicated
By a caret ^
Primary soils found in Ky.? How are they similar?
Altisol
Ultisol
Acidic, highly leached, formed under forests
