Soil Profile

Question 0

A horizon; Second layer: (3)

Answer 0

Mineral horizon.
Water received from O horizon.
Organic material and fragments of sand, silt, clay.

Question 1

O horizon; Top layer: (2)

Answer 1

Partly/fully composed of decomp.

Dark colour from humus.

Question 2

E horizon; Third layer: (1)

Answer 2

Lighter colour because of removal of clays and oxides from upper soil layers.

Question 3

B horizon; forth layer: (5)

Answer 3

Increase in pH from additional Ca and Mg from percolating water.
Less weathered and less biological activity.
Soil is more dense.
Layer is rich in clay.
Slower water flow rate, allows even clay deposits.

Question 4

C horizon; fifth layer: (2)

Answer 4

Parent material.

Modified over time as A and B become deeper.

Question 5

Bedrock:

Answer 5

Below horizon C, lowest level.

Question 6

Acid rain =

Answer 6

Increased depth of weathered soil.

Question 7

Strong weathering, by high rainfall and temps =

Answer 7

More organic matter.

Question 8

The O horizon in bogs can be…

Answer 8

Thick enough to sit directly on the C horizon.